Abstract
Weeds are severely competition with wheat crop and it highly reduces crop yield. So, the present study was conducted on wheat cultivations during two seasons 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 to evaluated phytotoxicity effects of some herbicides on wheat (Triticum aestivum). Effectiveness of these herbicides on weed control in wheat crop and yield evaluation and quality of wheat was evaluated as well after treatment by herbicides. The field experiment was carried out in agricultural experimental station of Etay El-barod, El-Beheira Governorate, using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replicates for each treatment and unweeded check, having two rates of both herbicide recommended and double recommended rates (R, 2R). Treatments comprised of post-emergence application of pyroxsulam, flumetsulam+ florasulam, tribenuron-methyl, diclofop-methyl and tralkoxydim. The results indicated an increase in wheat plant height with all herbicides used compared to unweeded check. Tribenuron-methyl and flumetsulam + florasulam treatments did not cause any visible phytotoxicity, while pyroxsulam, diclofop-methyl and tralkoxydim treatments recorded a low indexes of phytotoxicity on wheat plants which disappeared completely after 8 weeks from post application, compared to unweeded check. Results also, indicated that all herbicide treatments decreased weed density. Herbicide treatments achieved the highest weed control expressed in lowest fresh weight after 56 days from application for broadleaved, grassy and total weeds. Herbicide treatments caused an excellent increase in yield attributes (spike length, biological and grain yield) and yield quality (weight of 1000 grains, total carbohydrates and crude protein) compared to unweeded check in both seasons. The maximum grain yield was recorded at two trials by pyroxsulam compared to unweeded check.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
All herbicides used increased wheat plant height compared with the unweeded check.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- all herbicides usede0
- Outcome
- wheat plant heighte0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- unweeded checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results indicated an increase in wheat plant height with all herbicides used compared to unweeded check”
Claim · model-written summary
Tribenuron-methyl caused no visible phytotoxicity on wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Tribenuron-methyle0
- Outcome
- visible phytotoxicitye0
- Direction
- did not causee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tribenuron-methyl and flumetsulam + florasulam treatments did not cause any visible phytotoxicity”
t0“WHEAT PLANTATIONS”
Claim · model-written summary
Flumetsulam + florasulam caused no visible phytotoxicity on wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- flumetsulam + florasulame0
- Outcome
- visible phytotoxicitye0
- Direction
- did not causee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tribenuron-methyl and flumetsulam + florasulam treatments did not cause any visible phytotoxicity”
t0“WHEAT PLANTATIONS”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyroxsulam caused low phytotoxicity indexes on wheat that disappeared completely after 8 weeks, compared to the unweeded check.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Pyroxsulame0
- Outcome
- phytotoxicitye0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Comparator
- unweeded checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pyroxsulam, diclofop-methyl and tralkoxydim treatments recorded a low indexes of phytotoxicity on wheat plants which disappeared completely after 8 weeks from post application, compared to unweeded check”
Claim · model-written summary
Diclofop-methyl caused low phytotoxicity indexes on wheat that disappeared completely after 8 weeks, compared to the unweeded check.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Diclofop-methyle0
- Outcome
- phytotoxicitye0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Comparator
- unweeded checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pyroxsulam, diclofop-methyl and tralkoxydim treatments recorded a low indexes of phytotoxicity on wheat plants which disappeared completely after 8 weeks from post application, compared to unweeded check”
Claim · model-written summary
Tralkoxydim caused low phytotoxicity indexes on wheat that disappeared completely after 8 weeks, compared to the unweeded check.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Tralkoxydime0
- Outcome
- phytotoxicitye0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Comparator
- unweeded checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pyroxsulam, diclofop-methyl and tralkoxydim treatments recorded a low indexes of phytotoxicity on wheat plants which disappeared completely after 8 weeks from post application, compared to unweeded check”
Claim · model-written summary
All herbicide treatments decreased weed density in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- all herbicide treatmentse0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed densitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results also, indicated that all herbicide treatments decreased weed density”
t0“WHEAT PLANTATIONS”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide treatments gave the highest weed control, with the lowest fresh weight of broadleaved, grassy and total weeds 56 days after application.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Herbicide treatmentse0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- fresh weighte0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Qualifier
- after 56 days from applicatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Herbicide treatments achieved the highest weed control expressed in lowest fresh weight after 56 days from application for broadleaved, grassy and total weeds”
t0“WHEAT PLANTATIONS”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide treatments increased wheat spike length, biological yield and grain yield compared with the unweeded check in both seasons.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Herbicide treatmentse0
- Outcome
- spike length, biological and grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- in both seasonse0
- Comparator
- unweeded checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Herbicide treatments caused an excellent increase in yield attributes (spike length, biological and grain yield) and yield quality (weight of 1000 grains, total carbohydrates and crude protein) compared to unweeded check in both seasons”
t0“WHEAT PLANTATIONS”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide treatments increased wheat grain weight (1000 grains), total carbohydrates and crude protein compared with the unweeded check in both seasons.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Herbicide treatmentse0
- Outcome
- weight of 1000 grains, total carbohydrates and crude proteine0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- in both seasonse0
- Comparator
- unweeded checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Herbicide treatments caused an excellent increase in yield attributes (spike length, biological and grain yield) and yield quality (weight of 1000 grains, total carbohydrates and crude protein) compared to unweeded check in both seasons”
t0“WHEAT PLANTATIONS”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum wheat grain yield was recorded with pyroxsulam compared with the unweeded check in both trials.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- pyroxsulame0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- unweeded checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum grain yield was recorded at two trials by pyroxsulam compared to unweeded check”
t0“WHEAT PLANTATIONS”
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