Abstract
Cassava is a tropical storage root crop, a source of carbohydrate and alternative energy. It has been classified as “drought tolerant plant” for the whole life cycle, except during the root initiation stage (120-150 DAP). Leaf area index (LAI) is one of the most parameters representing the overall growth and yield prediction in cassava. The aim of this investigation was to validate the physiological and growth performance of cassava in responses to water deficit stress in the field trial as well as to investigate the leaf area index as an important factor to cassava growth and storage root bulking. Leaf relative water content in cassava declined significantly upon a long period of water withholding, and regulated non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), leading to chlorophyll degradation, reduced number of leaves and limited leaf area index (LAI) and loss of storage root yield when compared with well-irrigated plants. Non-destructive leaf area estimation model under water deficit stress condition using spectral reflectance to determine the LAI and VIs was validated. The Ratio Vegetation Index (RVI) was suitable model with high coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.89). However, the RVI as LAI at 150 DAP (120 d water withholding) could be considered as the critical point to indicate cassava growth and yield performance. Based on the results, cassava growth, biomass and yield in the different environments may further be investigated, taking into consideration the genotypic variation and using remote sensing technology for rapid monitoring and accurate and cost-effective data assessment. ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Long water withholding significantly reduced cassava leaf relative water content.
- Taxon
- cassava
Manihot esculentae0 - Treatment
- water withholdinge0
- Outcome
- Leaf relative water contente0
- Direction
- declinede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf relative water content in cassava declined significantly upon a long period of water withholding”
Claim · model-written summary
Water withholding regulated non-photochemical quenching in cassava.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- water withholdinge1
- Outcome
- non-photochemical quenching (NPQ)e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“regulated non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), leading to chlorophyll degradation”
t0“Cassava (Manihot esculenta Cranz)”
t1“Water Deficit Conditions”
e1“Leaf relative water content in cassava declined significantly upon a long period of water withholding”
Claim · model-written summary
Water withholding led to chlorophyll degradation.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- water withholdinge1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll degradatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leading to chlorophyll degradation”
t0“Cassava (Manihot esculenta Cranz)”
t1“Water Deficit Conditions”
e1“Leaf relative water content in cassava declined significantly upon a long period of water withholding”
Claim · model-written summary
Water withholding reduced leaf number.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- water withholdinge1
- Outcome
- number of leavese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- well-irrigated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced number of leaves and limited leaf area index (LAI) and loss of storage root yield when compared with well-irrigated plants”
t0“Cassava (Manihot esculenta Cranz)”
t1“Water Deficit Conditions”
e1“Leaf relative water content in cassava declined significantly upon a long period of water withholding”
Claim · model-written summary
Water withholding limited cassava LAI.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- water withholdinge1
- Outcome
- leaf area index (LAI)e0
- Direction
- limitede0
- Comparator
- well-irrigated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“limited leaf area index (LAI) and loss of storage root yield when compared with well-irrigated plants”
t0“Cassava (Manihot esculenta Cranz)”
t1“Water Deficit Conditions”
e1“Leaf relative water content in cassava declined significantly upon a long period of water withholding”
Claim · model-written summary
Water withholding reduced storage root yield relative to well-irrigated plants.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- water withholdinge1
- Outcome
- storage root yielde0
- Direction
- losse0
- Comparator
- well-irrigated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“loss of storage root yield when compared with well-irrigated plants”
t0“Cassava (Manihot esculenta Cranz)”
t1“Water Deficit Conditions”
e1“Leaf relative water content in cassava declined significantly upon a long period of water withholding”
Claim · model-written summary
RVI estimated LAI with R2 = 0.89.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Outcome
- coefficient of determinatione0
- Value
- R2 = 0.89e0
- Qualifier
- Ratio Vegetation Index (RVI)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Ratio Vegetation Index (RVI) was suitable model with high coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.89)”
t0“Cassava (Manihot esculenta Cranz)”
t1“Water Deficit Conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
RVI-based LAI at 150 DAP was proposed as a critical indicator of growth and yield under 120 days of water withholding.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Outcome
- cassava growth and yield performancee0
- Value
- 150 DAPe0
- Qualifier
- 120 d water withholdinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the RVI as LAI at 150 DAP (120 d water withholding) could be considered as the critical point to indicate cassava growth and yield performance”
t0“Cassava (Manihot esculenta Cranz)”
t1“Water Deficit Conditions”
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