Abstract
Plants are considered to absorb sulfur from their roots in the form of sulfate. In bacteria like Escherichia coli, thiosulfate is a preferred sulfur source. It is converted into cysteine (Cys). This transformation consumes less NADPH and ATP than sulfate assimilation into Cys. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, thiosulfate promoted growth more than sulfate. In the present study, the availability of thiosulfate, the metabolite transformations and gene expressions it induces were investigated in Arabidopsis and rice as model dicots and monocots, respectively. In Arabidopsis, the thiosulfate-amended plants had lower biomass than those receiving sulfate when sulfur concentrations in the hydroponic medium were above 300 μM. In contrast, rice biomass was similar for plants raised on thiosulfate and sulfate at 300 μM sulfur. Therefore, both plants can use thiosulfate but it is a better sulfur source for rice. In both plants, thiosulfate levels significantly increased in roots following thiosulfate application, indicating that the plants absorbed thiosulfate into their root cells. Thiosulfate is metabolized in plants by a different pathway from that used for sulfate metabolism. Thiosulfate increases plant sulfide and cysteine persulfide levels which means that plants are in a more reduced state with thiosulfate than with sulfate. The microarray analysis of Arabidopsis roots revealed that 13 genes encoding Cys-rich proteins were upregulated more with thiosulfate than with sulfate. These results together with those of the widely targeted metabolomics analysis were used to proposes a thiosulfate assimilation pathway in plants.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Arabidopsis biomass was lower with thiosulfate than sulfate above 300 μM sulfur.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Treatment
- thiosulfate-amendede0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- above 300 μMe0
- Comparator
- those receiving sulfatee0
- Setting
- hydroponic mediume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Arabidopsis, the thiosulfate-amended plants had lower biomass than those receiving sulfate when sulfur concentrations in the hydroponic medium were above 300 μM”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice biomass was similar under thiosulfate and sulfate at 300 μM sulfur.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- thiosulfatee0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Qualifier
- 300 μM sulfure0
- Comparator
- sulfatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice biomass was similar for plants raised on thiosulfate and sulfate at 300 μM sulfur”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiosulfate was interpreted as a better sulfur source for rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- better sulfur sourcee0
- Direction
- bettere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both plants can use thiosulfate but it is a better sulfur source for rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Root thiosulfate levels increased significantly after application in both plants.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis and riceArabidopsisOryza sativae1
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- thiosulfate applicatione0
- Outcome
- thiosulfate levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both plants, thiosulfate levels significantly increased in roots following thiosulfate application”
e1“Arabidopsis and rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiosulfate followed a different metabolic pathway from sulfate.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis and riceArabidopsisOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- different pathwaye0
- Qualifier
- sulfate metabolisme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Thiosulfate is metabolized in plants by a different pathway from that used for sulfate metabolism”
e1“Arabidopsis and rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiosulfate increased plant sulfide and cysteine persulfide levels.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis and riceArabidopsisOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- Thiosulfatee0
- Outcome
- sulfide and cysteine persulfide levelse0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Thiosulfate increases plant sulfide and cysteine persulfide levels”
e1“Arabidopsis and rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiosulfate put plants in a more reduced state than sulfate.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis and riceArabidopsisOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- thiosulfatee0
- Outcome
- more reduced statee0
- Direction
- more reducede0
- Comparator
- sulfatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants are in a more reduced state with thiosulfate than with sulfate”
e1“Arabidopsis and rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Thirteen Arabidopsis root genes encoding cysteine-rich proteins were more upregulated by thiosulfate than sulfate.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- thiosulfatee0
- Outcome
- genes encoding Cys-rich proteinse0
- Direction
- upregulated moree0
- Value
- 13 genese0
- Comparator
- sulfatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The microarray analysis of Arabidopsis roots revealed that 13 genes encoding Cys-rich proteins were upregulated more with thiosulfate than with sulfate”
Claim · model-written summary
The results supported a proposed thiosulfate assimilation pathway in plants.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis and riceArabidopsisOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- thiosulfate assimilation pathwaye0
- Qualifier
- widely targeted metabolomics analysise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These results together with those of the widely targeted metabolomics analysis were used to proposes a thiosulfate assimilation pathway in plants”
e1“Arabidopsis and rice”
The same questions in other papers
thiosulfate · molecular: metabolites · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
thiosulfate · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.