Abstract
Core Ideas Current weed management strategies in flax are limited. A multi‐factor weed management system is needed to control herbicide‐resistant weeds. Combining several factors has a greater impact on crop‐weed competition than any factor alone. The best combination is a competitive cultivar, seed early, high seeding rate, and use an in‐crop herbicide. Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is an important crop with value in both food and industrial markets. However, flax competes poorly with weeds and as a result, flax yield can be severely inhibited by weed competition. Factors that favor crop competitive ability will have great value in improving weed management in flax. This research sought to identify different combinations of seeding date (early vs. late May), seeding rate (400 vs. 800 seeds m −2 ), cultivar height (short vs. tall), and herbicide (present vs. absent) that could improve the competitive ability of flax. Field studies were conducted across western Canada over 3 yr from 2014 to 2016. Results showed that seeding a tall cultivar at a high seeding rate in early May combined with an in‐crop herbicide application increased crop establishment by 210 plants m −2 . This in turn increased aboveground crop biomass and seed yield by as much as 549 and 617 kg ha −1 , respectively. This combination of factors significantly reduced aboveground weed biomass by 50 kg ha −1 , although no single factor or combination of factors affected weed seed fecundity. By seeding competitive flax cultivars at higher rates earlier in the growing season, and by combining this with an in‐crop herbicide, producers can develop sound cropping systems that provide more competitive flax crops and another profitable cropping option.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Combining a tall cultivar, high seeding rate, early May seeding and an in-crop herbicide increased flax establishment by 210 plants per m2.
- Taxon
- Flax
Linum usitatissimumt0 - Treatment
- seeding a tall cultivar at a high seeding rate in early May combined with an in‐crop herbicide applicatione0
- Outcome
- crop establishmente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 210 plantse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Flax”
e0“seeding a tall cultivar at a high seeding rate in early May combined with an in‐crop herbicide application increased crop establishment by 210 plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The treatment combination increased aboveground crop biomass by as much as 549 kg per ha.
- Taxon
- FlaxLinum usitatissimumt0
- Outcome
- aboveground crop biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 549e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Flax”
e0“This in turn increased aboveground crop biomass and seed yield by as much as 549 and 617 kg ha”
Claim · model-written summary
The treatment combination increased flax seed yield by as much as 617 kg per ha.
- Taxon
- FlaxLinum usitatissimumt0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 617e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Flax”
e0“This in turn increased aboveground crop biomass and seed yield by as much as 549 and 617 kg ha”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination of factors significantly reduced aboveground weed biomass by 50 kg per ha.
- Taxon
- FlaxLinum usitatissimumt0
- Treatment
- This combination of factorse0
- Outcome
- aboveground weed biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 50 kg hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Flax”
e0“This combination of factors significantly reduced aboveground weed biomass by 50 kg ha”
Claim · model-written summary
No single factor or combination of factors affected weed seed fecundity.
- Taxon
- FlaxLinum usitatissimumt0
- Treatment
- single factor or combination of factorse0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed seed fecunditye0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Flax”
e0“although no single factor or combination of factors affected weed seed fecundity”
Claim · model-written summary
Combining several factors has a greater impact on crop-weed competition than any single factor.
- Taxon
- FlaxLinum usitatissimumt0
- Treatment
- Combining several factorse0
- Outcome
- crop‐weed competitione0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- any factor alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Flax”
e0“Combining several factors has a greater impact on crop‐weed competition than any factor alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Seeding competitive flax cultivars at higher rates earlier, combined with an in-crop herbicide, lets producers develop more competitive flax cropping systems.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume0
- Treatment
- seeding competitive flax cultivars at higher rates earlier in the growing seasone0
- Outcome
- sound cropping systems that provide more competitive flax cropse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Flax”
e0“By seeding competitive flax cultivars at higher rates earlier in the growing season”
e1“producers can develop sound cropping systems that provide more competitive flax crops”
The same questions in other papers
herbicide · growth · Linum usitatissimum (flax)Positive and negative results
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- negative
- negative
- negative
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See all 11 papers →density · growth · Linum usitatissimum (flax)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
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See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.