Abstract
The effect and interaction of crop production factors on maize yield has been examined for nearly 40 years at the Látókép Experiment Site of the University of Debrecen in a long-term field experiment that is unique and acknowledged in Europe. The research aim is to evaluate the effect of fertilisation, tillage, genotype, sowing, plant density, crop protection and irrigation. The analysis of the database of the examined period makes it possible to evaluate maize yield, as well as the effect of crop production factors and crop year, as well as the interaction between these factors. Based on the different tillage methods, it can be concluded that autumn ploughing provides the highest yield, but its effect significantly differed in irrigated and non-irrigated treatments. The periodical application of strip tillage is justified in areas with favourable soil conditions and free from compated layers (e.g. strip – strip – ploughing – loosening). Under conditions prone to drought, but especially in several consecutive years, a plant density of 70–80 thousand crops per hectare should be used in the case of favourable precipitation supply, but 60 thousand crops per hectare should not be exceeded in dry crop years. The yield increasing effect of fertilisation is significant both under non-irrigated and irrigated conditions, but it is much more moderate in the non-irrigated treatment. Selecting the optimum sowing date is of key importance from the aspect of maize yield, especially in dry crop years. Irrigation is not enough in itself without intensive nutrient management, since it may lead to yield decrease. The results of research, development and innovation, which are based on the performed long-term field experiment, contribute to the production technological methods which provide an opportunity to use sowing seeds, fertilisers and pesticides in a regionally tailored and differentiated way, adapted to the specific needs of the given plot, as well as to plan each operation and to implement precision maize production.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Autumn ploughing gave the highest maize yield, with different effects under irrigation regimes.
- Treatment
- autumn ploughinge0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- irrigated and non-irrigated treatmentse0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“autumn ploughing provides the highest yield, but its effect significantly differed in irrigated and non-irrigated treatments.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilisation significantly increased maize yield under both irrigation conditions, more moderately without irrigation.
- Treatment
- fertilisatione0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Qualifier
- much more moderate in the non-irrigated treatmente0
- Comparator
- non-irrigated and irrigated conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The yield increasing effect of fertilisation is significant both under non-irrigated and irrigated conditions, but it is much more moderate in the non-irrigated treatment.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation without intensive nutrient management may decrease maize yield.
- Treatment
- Irrigatione0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- without intensive nutrient managemente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Irrigation is not enough in itself without intensive nutrient management, since it may lead to yield decrease.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend periodic strip tillage on favorable, uncompacted soil.
- Outcome
- periodical application of strip tillagee0
- Qualifier
- favourable soil conditions and free from compated layerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The periodical application of strip tillage is justified in areas with favourable soil conditions and free from compated layers”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
For favorable precipitation supply, the authors recommend 70–80 thousand maize plants per hectare in drought-prone conditions.
- Outcome
- plant density of 70–80 thousand crops per hectaree0
- Value
- 70–80 thousand crops per hectaree0
- Qualifier
- favourable precipitation supplye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under conditions prone to drought, but especially in several consecutive years, a plant density of 70–80 thousand crops per hectare should be used in the case of favourable precipitation supply”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
In dry crop years, the authors recommend no more than 60 thousand maize plants per hectare.
- Outcome
- 60 thousand crops per hectare should not be exceedede0
- Value
- 60 thousand crops per hectaree0
- Qualifier
- dry crop yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“60 thousand crops per hectare should not be exceeded in dry crop years.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors emphasize choosing the optimum sowing date for maize yield, especially in dry years.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Selecting the optimum sowing date is of key importance from the aspect of maize yield, especially in dry crop years.”
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