Paper · 2019 · Molecules

Effect of Sonication Duration in the Performance of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Chitosan Bilayer Films and Their Effect on Strawberry Preservation

Jie Ding; Rong Zhang; Saeed Ahmed; et al.

8
claims
10
verbatim quotes
34
citations
1
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

In this study, we fabricated polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/chitosan (CS) bilayer films by casting and investigated the effects of preparation conditions and CS content (2, 2.5, or 3 wt.%) on the ability of these films to preserve packaged strawberries. The best performance was achieved at a CS loading of 2.5 wt.% (ultrasound time, 25 min); the strain and stress values were 143.15 ± 6.43% and 70.67 ± 0.85 MPa, respectively, oxygen permeability was 0.16 ± 0.08 cm2·m2·day−1·MPa−1, water vapor permeability was 14.93 ± 4.09 g·cm−1·s−1·Pa−1, and the shelf life of fresh strawberries packaged in the PVA/CS 2.5 wt.% bilayer film was determined to be 21 days at 5 ± 2 °C and a relative humidity of 60 ± 5%. Treatment with PVA/CS bilayer films prevented the decrease in the firmness of strawberries during storage (21 days). The evaluated physicochemical parameters (weight loss, decay, firmness, titratable acidity, soluble solid content, ascorbic acid content, and color) indicated that treatment with PVA/CS bilayer films led to better maintenance of the fruit quality. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to literature because it paves the way to the fabrication of smart packaging materials and facilitates the commercialization of fresh strawberries as an important health food.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 8

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The best film performance was at 2.5 wt.% chitosan loading, compared with 2 and 3 wt.%.

Treatment
CS loading of 2.5 wt.%e1
Outcome
performancee1
Direction
beste1
Comparator
2, 2.5, or 3 wt.%e0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0

“investigated the effects of preparation conditions and CS content (2, 2.5, or 3 wt.%) on the ability of these films to preserve packaged strawberries”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 96–245 · show in text ↑
e1

“The best performance was achieved at a CS loading of 2.5 wt.% (ultrasound time, 25 min)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 247–334 · show in text ↑

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Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The PVA/CS film had a strain of 143.15 ± 6.43%.

Outcome
straine2
Value
143.15 ± 6.43%e2

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e2

“the strain and stress values were 143.15 ± 6.43% and 70.67 ± 0.85 MPa”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 336–405 · show in text ↑

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Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The PVA/CS film had a stress of 70.67 ± 0.85 MPa.

Outcome
stresse2
Value
70.67 ± 0.85 MPae2

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e2

“the strain and stress values were 143.15 ± 6.43% and 70.67 ± 0.85 MPa”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 336–405 · show in text ↑

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Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The PVA/CS film had an oxygen permeability of 0.16 ± 0.08.

Outcome
oxygen permeabilitye7
Value
0.16 ± 0.08e7

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e7

“oxygen permeability was 0.16 ± 0.08”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 421–456 · show in text ↑

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Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The PVA/CS film had a water vapor permeability of 14.93 ± 4.09.

Outcome
water vapor permeabilitye3
Value
14.93 ± 4.09e3

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e3

“water vapor permeability was 14.93 ± 4.09”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 477–518 · show in text ↑

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Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fresh strawberries packaged in the PVA/CS 2.5 wt.% film had a shelf life of 21 days at 5 ± 2 °C and 60 ± 5% relative humidity.

Taxon
strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae4
Treatment
PVA/CS 2.5 wt.% bilayer filme4
Outcome
shelf lifee4
Value
21 dayse4
Setting
5 ± 2 °C and a relative humidity of 60 ± 5%e4

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Fragaria x ananassa
Fragaria ×ananassa · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e4

“the shelf life of fresh strawberries packaged in the PVA/CS 2.5 wt.% bilayer film was determined to be 21 days at 5 ± 2 °C and a relative humidity of 60 ± 5%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 540–697 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

PVA/CS bilayer film treatment prevented the decrease in strawberry firmness during 21 days of storage.

Taxon
strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae5
Treatment
PVA/CS bilayer filmse5
Outcome
firmnesse5
Direction
prevented the decreasee5

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Fragaria x ananassa
Fragaria ×ananassa · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e5

“Treatment with PVA/CS bilayer films prevented the decrease in the firmness of strawberries during storage (21 days)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 699–814 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

PVA/CS bilayer film treatment led to better maintenance of strawberry fruit quality.

Taxon
StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
Treatment
PVA/CS bilayer filmse6
Outcome
fruit qualitye6
Direction
led to better maintenancee6

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Fragaria x ananassa
Fragaria ×ananassa · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Strawberry Preservation”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 113–136 · show in text ↑
e6

“treatment with PVA/CS bilayer films led to better maintenance of the fruit quality”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 980–1062 · show in text ↑

chitosan · quality: postharvest · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Positive and negative results

48 papers: 47 positive, 1 negative or no effect

46 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

44 papers more in this group

See all 48 papers →

poly(vinyl alcohol) macromolecule · quality: postharvest · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Results agree

4 papers: 4 positive, 0 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive
See all 4 papers →

chitosan · quality: grain · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Results agree

4 papers: 4 positive, 0 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive
See all 4 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.