Abstract
Raw material quality, which is influenced not only by the protein content, insoluble protein polymers, and glutenin-to-gliadin ratio but also by the starch granule size, is very important for the quality of bakery products. This study investigated the effect of high temperature and drought (during grain-filling) on the quality and components yield of five winter wheat varieties. Drought and drought + heat were found to have a much greater influence on the yield and quality than heat stress alone. Averaged over the varieties, the yield losses were 57% after drought, 76% after drought + heat, and only 31% after heat stresses. The reductions in the unextractable polymeric protein fraction and glutenin-to-gliadin ratio indicated a poorer grain yield quality, despite the higher protein content. Quality deterioration was observed after drought or drought + heat, while high temperatures alone resulted in no change or in a better ratio of protein components. A significant negative correlation was observed between starch granule size and relative protein content after drought, demonstrating that this parameter contributes, together with protein, to the baking quality of the flour.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced winter wheat yield by 57% averaged over varieties.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- droughte0
- Outcome
- yield lossese0
- Direction
- lossese0
- Value
- 57%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“the yield losses were 57% after drought, 76% after drought + heat, and only 31% after heat stresses”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined drought and heat reduced winter wheat yield by 76% averaged over varieties.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- drought + heate0
- Outcome
- yield lossese0
- Direction
- lossese0
- Value
- 76%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“the yield losses were 57% after drought, 76% after drought + heat, and only 31% after heat stresses”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress reduced winter wheat yield by 31% averaged over varieties.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- heat stressese0
- Outcome
- yield lossese0
- Direction
- lossese0
- Value
- 31%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“the yield losses were 57% after drought, 76% after drought + heat, and only 31% after heat stresses”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought and combined drought and heat affected winter wheat yield and quality more than heat alone.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Drought and drought + heate0
- Outcome
- yield and qualitye0
- Direction
- much greater influencee0
- Comparator
- heat stress alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“Drought and drought + heat were found to have a much greater influence on the yield and quality than heat stress alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought treatments reduced the unextractable polymeric protein fraction and glutenin-to-gliadin ratio in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- unextractable polymeric protein fraction and glutenin-to-gliadin ratioe0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“The reductions in the unextractable polymeric protein fraction and glutenin-to-gliadin ratio indicated a poorer grain yield quality, despite the higher protein content”
Claim · model-written summary
Winter wheat had higher protein content despite poorer grain quality under stress.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- protein contente0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“a poorer grain yield quality, despite the higher protein content”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought or combined drought and heat deteriorated winter wheat quality.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- drought or drought + heate0
- Outcome
- Qualitye0
- Direction
- deterioratione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“Quality deterioration was observed after drought or drought + heat”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat alone caused no change or improved the ratio of protein components in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- high temperatures alonee0
- Outcome
- ratio of protein componentse0
- Direction
- no change or in a bettere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“high temperatures alone resulted in no change or in a better ratio of protein components”
Claim · model-written summary
After drought, winter wheat starch granule size was negatively correlated with relative protein content.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- droughte0
- Outcome
- starch granule sizee0
- Direction
- negative correlatione0
- Qualifier
- relative protein contente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“A significant negative correlation was observed between starch granule size and relative protein content after drought”
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