Abstract
Objective. To evaluate the phytochemical content and antioxidant potential of the acetone, aqueous, and methanol extracts of the fruit, leaf, and root of Cucumis africanus L.f. Methods. Total phenolic, flavonoid, and proanthocyanidin contents were evaluated using spectrophotometric methods. The free radical scavenging activity of the acetone, methanol, and aqueous extracts of the fruit, leaf, and root were evaluated against DPPH + , ABTS + , and phosphomolybdenum. Alkaloid and saponin contents were also determined. Results. The acetone extract of the fruit revealed the highest polyphenol content when compared with the other solvent extracts analyzed. Total phenol content of the parts tested ranged from 3.66 ± 0.17 to 44.98 ± 3.41, flavonoid content ranged from 4.63 ± 3.33 to 401.33 ± 7.89, and proanthocyanidin content ranged from 8.84 ± 2.65 to 504 ± 36.6. Significant amount of alkaloids present was observed in the fruits, leaf, and root (10.68 ± 0.68, 14.12 ± 1.67, and 12.15 ± 4.74), respectively, while saponin content was 33.33 ± 11.55, 26.67 ± 11.55, and 20.00 ± 0.00 for the fruit, leaf, and root, respectively. Solvent extracts showed significant antioxidant activity, with acetone showing highest antioxidant ability in correlation with the polyphenol contents. Based on the IC 50 values, acetone extract of the root revealed the best DPPH radical scavenging ability, the leaf aqueous extract had the highest IC 50 value for ABTS, and the methanol extract of the leaf was best for phosphomolybdenum assays. Conclusion. This study suggests that fruit, leaf, and root of Cucumis africanus could be a potential source of natural antioxidant and justifies its use in ethnomedicine.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Acetone fruit extract had the highest polyphenol content.
- Taxon
- Cucumis africanus
Cucumis africanust0 - Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Treatment
- acetone extracte0
- Outcome
- polyphenol contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- other solvent extractse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The acetone extract of the fruit revealed the highest polyphenol content when compared with the other solvent extracts analyzed.”
t0“Cucumis africanus”
Claim · model-written summary
Total phenol content ranged from 3.66 ± 0.17 to 44.98 ± 3.41.
- Taxon
- Cucumis africanusCucumis africanust0
- Outcome
- Total phenol contente0
- Direction
- rangede0
- Value
- 3.66 ± 0.17 to 44.98 ± 3.41e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total phenol content of the parts tested ranged from 3.66 ± 0.17 to 44.98 ± 3.41”
t0“Cucumis africanus”
Claim · model-written summary
Flavonoid content ranged from 4.63 ± 3.33 to 401.33 ± 7.89.
- Taxon
- Cucumis africanusCucumis africanust0
- Outcome
- flavonoid contente0
- Direction
- rangede0
- Value
- 4.63 ± 3.33 to 401.33 ± 7.89e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“flavonoid content ranged from 4.63 ± 3.33 to 401.33 ± 7.89”
t0“Cucumis africanus”
Claim · model-written summary
Proanthocyanidin content ranged from 8.84 ± 2.65 to 504 ± 36.6.
- Taxon
- Cucumis africanusCucumis africanust0
- Outcome
- proanthocyanidin contente0
- Direction
- rangede0
- Value
- 8.84 ± 2.65 to 504 ± 36.6e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“proanthocyanidin content ranged from 8.84 ± 2.65 to 504 ± 36.6”
t0“Cucumis africanus”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit alkaloid content was 10.68 ± 0.68.
- Taxon
- Cucumis africanusCucumis africanust0
- Organ / stage
- fruitse0
- Outcome
- alkaloidse0
- Value
- 10.68 ± 0.68e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“alkaloids present was observed in the fruits, leaf, and root (10.68 ± 0.68, 14.12 ± 1.67, and 12.15 ± 4.74)”
t0“Cucumis africanus”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf alkaloid content was 14.12 ± 1.67.
- Taxon
- Cucumis africanusCucumis africanust0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Outcome
- alkaloidse0
- Value
- 14.12 ± 1.67e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“alkaloids present was observed in the fruits, leaf, and root (10.68 ± 0.68, 14.12 ± 1.67, and 12.15 ± 4.74)”
t0“Cucumis africanus”
Claim · model-written summary
Root alkaloid content was 12.15 ± 4.74.
- Taxon
- Cucumis africanusCucumis africanust0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Outcome
- alkaloidse0
- Value
- 12.15 ± 4.74e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“alkaloids present was observed in the fruits, leaf, and root (10.68 ± 0.68, 14.12 ± 1.67, and 12.15 ± 4.74)”
t0“Cucumis africanus”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit saponin content was 33.33 ± 11.55.
- Taxon
- Cucumis africanusCucumis africanust0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Outcome
- saponin contente0
- Value
- 33.33 ± 11.55e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“saponin content was 33.33 ± 11.55, 26.67 ± 11.55, and 20.00 ± 0.00 for the fruit, leaf, and root”
t0“Cucumis africanus”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf saponin content was 26.67 ± 11.55.
- Taxon
- Cucumis africanusCucumis africanust0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Outcome
- saponin contente0
- Value
- 26.67 ± 11.55e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“saponin content was 33.33 ± 11.55, 26.67 ± 11.55, and 20.00 ± 0.00 for the fruit, leaf, and root”
t0“Cucumis africanus”
Claim · model-written summary
Root saponin content was 20.00 ± 0.00.
- Taxon
- Cucumis africanusCucumis africanust0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Outcome
- saponin contente0
- Value
- 20.00 ± 0.00e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“saponin content was 33.33 ± 11.55, 26.67 ± 11.55, and 20.00 ± 0.00 for the fruit, leaf, and root”
t0“Cucumis africanus”
Claim · model-written summary
Solvent extracts showed significant antioxidant activity.
- Taxon
- Cucumis africanusCucumis africanust0
- Outcome
- antioxidant activitye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Solvent extracts showed significant antioxidant activity”
t0“Cucumis africanus”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetone had the highest antioxidant ability, correlated with polyphenol content.
- Taxon
- Cucumis africanusCucumis africanust0
- Compound
- polyphenol contentse0
- Outcome
- antioxidant abilitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“acetone showing highest antioxidant ability in correlation with the polyphenol contents”
t0“Cucumis africanus”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetone root extract had the best DPPH scavenging ability.
- Taxon
- Cucumis africanusCucumis africanust0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- acetone extracte0
- Outcome
- DPPH radical scavenging abilitye0
- Direction
- beste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“acetone extract of the root revealed the best DPPH radical scavenging ability”
t0“Cucumis africanus”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf aqueous extract had the highest ABTS IC 50.
- Taxon
- Cucumis africanusCucumis africanust0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Treatment
- aqueous extracte0
- Outcome
- IC 50 value for ABTSe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the leaf aqueous extract had the highest IC 50 value for ABTS”
t0“Cucumis africanus”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanol leaf extract was best in phosphomolybdenum assays.
- Taxon
- Cucumis africanusCucumis africanust0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Treatment
- methanol extracte0
- Outcome
- phosphomolybdenum assayse0
- Direction
- beste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the methanol extract of the leaf was best for phosphomolybdenum assays”
t0“Cucumis africanus”