Abstract
Aim: Chromium (Cr(VI)) would inflict serious morphological, metabolic, and physiological anomalies in plants ranging from chlorosis of shoot to lipid peroxidation and protein degradation. Cr(VI) toxicity is often associated with oxidative stress, caused by the excessive formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In response, plants are equipped with a repertoire of mechanisms to counteract heavy metal (HM) toxicity. Salicylic acid (SA) plays a key role in the signal transduction pathways of various stress responses, demonstrating the protective effect of SA against abiotic stress factors. So, the present investigation was carried out to study the amelioration of pernicious effects of different concentration of Cr(VI) (0.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mg Cr(VI) kg−1 soil in the form of potassium dichromate) by treatments of salicylic acid solution viz. pretreatment and foliar spray via antioxidative enzymes and their metabolites.Results: With different treatments of salicylic acid solution, the reinstatement from ill effects of Cr(VI) toxicity was contemplated but the most conspicuous effect was observed when salicylic acid solution was supplied through the foliar spray (0.50 mM). This was accompanied with an increase in ascorbate peroxidase activity and hydrogen peroxide content and decrease in peroxidase activity and ascorbic acid content.Significance of the study: This study suggests that salicylic acid when applied through pre-treatment of seeds or through a foliar spray can be used to ameliorate the toxic effects of chromium (VI). Salicylic acid has the great potential for reducing the toxicity of heavy metals without negatively impacting the growth of the plants.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar salicylic acid at 0.50 mM gave the most conspicuous recovery from chromium toxicity.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor
Sorghum bicolort0 - Treatment
- salicylic acid solution was supplied through the foliar spray (0.50 mM)e0
- Outcome
- most conspicuous effecte0
- Direction
- most conspicuouse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the most conspicuous effect was observed when salicylic acid solution was supplied through the foliar spray (0.50 mM).”
t0“Salicylic acid induces amelioration of chromium toxicity and affects antioxidant enzyme activity inSorghum bicolorL.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid treatment increased ascorbate peroxidase activity.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolorSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- Salicylic acidt0
- Outcome
- ascorbate peroxidase activitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This was accompanied with an increase in ascorbate peroxidase activity and hydrogen peroxide content and decrease in peroxidase activity and ascorbic acid content.”
t0“Salicylic acid induces amelioration of chromium toxicity and affects antioxidant enzyme activity inSorghum bicolorL.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid treatment increased hydrogen peroxide content.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolorSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- Salicylic acidt0
- Outcome
- hydrogen peroxide contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This was accompanied with an increase in ascorbate peroxidase activity and hydrogen peroxide content and decrease in peroxidase activity and ascorbic acid content.”
t0“Salicylic acid induces amelioration of chromium toxicity and affects antioxidant enzyme activity inSorghum bicolorL.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid treatment decreased peroxidase activity.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolorSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- Salicylic acidt0
- Outcome
- peroxidase activitye0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This was accompanied with an increase in ascorbate peroxidase activity and hydrogen peroxide content and decrease in peroxidase activity and ascorbic acid content.”
t0“Salicylic acid induces amelioration of chromium toxicity and affects antioxidant enzyme activity inSorghum bicolorL.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid treatment decreased ascorbic acid content.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolorSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- Salicylic acidt0
- Outcome
- ascorbic acid contente0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This was accompanied with an increase in ascorbate peroxidase activity and hydrogen peroxide content and decrease in peroxidase activity and ascorbic acid content.”
t0“Salicylic acid induces amelioration of chromium toxicity and affects antioxidant enzyme activity inSorghum bicolorL.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest seed pretreatment or foliar salicylic acid to ameliorate chromium toxicity.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolorSorghum bicolort0
- Outcome
- pre-treatment of seeds or through a foliar spray can be used to ameliorate the toxic effects of chromium (VI)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salicylic acid when applied through pre-treatment of seeds or through a foliar spray can be used to ameliorate the toxic effects of chromium (VI).”
t0“Salicylic acid induces amelioration of chromium toxicity and affects antioxidant enzyme activity inSorghum bicolorL.”
The same questions in other papers
salicylic acid · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.