Abstract
Herbicide-resistant weeds have prompted the development of non-chemical weed-control techniques for sustainable crop production. We examined the potential of pre-emergence microwave (MW) soil treatment to suppress weeds and enhance grain yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.) cropping in two agro-ecological zones of Australia. An experimental MW weed killer, which has four, independently controlled, 2-kW MW generators operating at 2.45 GHz, was used to treat the soil before cropping under field conditions. A once-off MW soil treatment (duration 60 s) and an untreated control were assigned in a randomised complete block design with five replicates at two study locations: Dookie (Victoria) and Jerilderie (New South Wales). Simpson’s numerical surface integral approximation estimated the applied energy density of ~500 J cm–2. This energy increased the soil’s temperature up to 70–75°C in top soil horizon (0–6 cm) as depicted by infrared thermal imaging. No statistically significant difference was detected for weed control between MW and untreated control plots at either study location. At Dookie, grain yield did not significantly increase in response to MW soil treatment, whereas at Jerilderie, grain yield was 20% higher (P < 0.05) with MW soil treatment than in control plots. At Jerilderie, the irrigation water use efficiency (t ML–1) was 21% higher in MW plots than control plots. In summary, MW exposure of 60 s appeared to be an insufficient heating duration for seedbank depletion. This suggests further treatment modification followed by rigorous testing under different soils conditions using the MW prototype.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Microwave treatment did not significantly improve weed control at either location.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Treatment
- MWe0
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Qualifier
- either study locatione0
- Comparator
- untreated control plotse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No statistically significant difference was detected for weed control between MW and untreated control plots at either study location”
e1“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice grain yield did not significantly increase after microwave treatment at Dookie.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- MW soil treatmente0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- did not significantly increasee0
- Comparator
- untreated controle2
- Setting
- Dookiee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At Dookie, grain yield did not significantly increase in response to MW soil treatment”
e1“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e2“an untreated control”
Claim · model-written summary
At Jerilderie, microwave treatment increased rice grain yield by 20% versus control plots.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- MW soil treatmente0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 20%e0
- Comparator
- control plotse0
- Setting
- Jerilderiee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at Jerilderie, grain yield was 20% higher (P < 0.05) with MW soil treatment than in control plots”
e1“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
At Jerilderie, irrigation water use efficiency was 21% higher in microwave plots than controls.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- MW plotse0
- Outcome
- irrigation water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 21%e0
- Comparator
- control plotse0
- Setting
- Jerilderiee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At Jerilderie, the irrigation water use efficiency (t ML–1) was 21% higher in MW plots than control plots”
e1“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors judged 60 s of microwave exposure insufficient for seedbank depletion.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- MW exposure of 60 se0
- Outcome
- insufficient heating duration for seedbank depletione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MW exposure of 60 s appeared to be an insufficient heating duration for seedbank depletion”
e1“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend modifying the microwave treatment and testing it across soil conditions.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- further treatment modification followed by rigorous testing under different soils conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“further treatment modification followed by rigorous testing under different soils conditions using the MW prototype”
e1“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
The same questions in other papers
processing · weed · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
5 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →processing · physiology: water · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
33 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
31 papers more in this group
See all 35 papers →processing · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
87 papers in the same direction as this paper · 21 in the opposite direction · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- no effect
110 papers more in this group
See all 114 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.