Abstract
Abstract Yellow nutsedge ( Cyperus esculentus ) is a difficult weed to control in conifer nurseries. Soil fumigation with methyl bromide has been used to control yellow nutsedge for years but may not be available in the future. For this reason, the objective of this research was to identify herbicides that can control yellow nutsedge but do not injure loblolly ( Pinus taeda L.) and slash pine ( Pinus elliottii Engelm.) when used over-the-top of seedlings. Yellow nutsedge tubers and loblolly and slash pine seedlings were potted separately, and treated with three rates of the herbicides mesotrione (Callisto®), imazosulfuron (Valent-V10142), and halosulfuron (Sedgehammer®). Imazosulfuron and halosulfuron provided the best suppression of nutsedge, but imazosulfuron injured loblolly and slash pine. Slash pine diameter and height growth were reduced by imazosulfuron. Halosulfuron did not affect loblolly pine but it reduced slash pine height growth and the number of new leaders (spring flush growth) the following spring. Mesotrione injured slash pine but provided intermediate control of yellow nutsedge. Halosulfuron applied at 35 to 140 g ai·ha −1 (active ingredient per hectare) over the top of loblolly pine (≥ 60 cm height and ≥ 8 mm diameter) can control yellow nutsedge without injuring pine seedlings.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Imazosulfuron and halosulfuron gave the best suppression of yellow nutsedge.
- Taxon
- loblolly and slash pinee1
- Treatment
- Imazosulfuron and halosulfurone1
- Interactor
- Cyperus esculentus
Cyperus esculentuse0weed - Outcome
- suppression of nutsedgee1
- Direction
- beste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yellow nutsedge ( Cyperus esculentus ) is a difficult weed to control in conifer nurseries”
e1“Imazosulfuron and halosulfuron provided the best suppression of nutsedge, but imazosulfuron injured loblolly and slash pine”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazosulfuron injured loblolly and slash pine seedlings.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e1“Imazosulfuron and halosulfuron provided the best suppression of nutsedge, but imazosulfuron injured loblolly and slash pine”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazosulfuron reduced slash pine diameter and height growth.
- Taxon
- slash pine
.jpg?width=60)
Pinus elliottiie2 - Treatment
- imazosulfurone2
- Outcome
- diameter and height growthe2
- Direction
- reducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e2“Slash pine diameter and height growth were reduced by imazosulfuron”
Claim · model-written summary
Halosulfuron did not affect loblolly pine.
- Taxon
- loblolly pine
Pinus taedae3 - Treatment
- Halosulfurone3
- Outcome
- affecte3
- Direction
- did not affecte3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Halosulfuron did not affect loblolly pine but it reduced slash pine height growth and the number of new leaders”
Claim · model-written summary
Halosulfuron reduced slash pine height growth and the number of new leaders.
- Taxon
- slash pinePinus elliottiie3
- Treatment
- Halosulfurone3
- Outcome
- height growth and the number of new leaderse3
- Direction
- reducede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Halosulfuron did not affect loblolly pine but it reduced slash pine height growth and the number of new leaders”
Claim · model-written summary
Mesotrione injured slash pine.
- Taxon
- slash pinePinus elliottiie4
- Treatment
- Mesotrionee4
- Outcome
- injured slash pinee4
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Mesotrione injured slash pine but provided intermediate control of yellow nutsedge”
Claim · model-written summary
Mesotrione gave intermediate control of yellow nutsedge.
- Taxon
- slash pinePinus elliottiie4
- Treatment
- Mesotrionee4
- Interactor
- yellow nutsedgee4weed
- Outcome
- control of yellow nutsedgee4
- Direction
- intermediatee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Mesotrione injured slash pine but provided intermediate control of yellow nutsedge”
Claim · model-written summary
Halosulfuron at 35 to 140 g ai·ha −1 over the top of loblolly pine can control yellow nutsedge without injuring pine seedlings.
- Taxon
- loblolly pinePinus taedae5
- Treatment
- Halosulfurone5
- Outcome
- control yellow nutsedge without injuring pine seedlingse5
- Value
- 35 to 140 g ai·ha −1e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Halosulfuron applied at 35 to 140 g ai·ha −1 (active ingredient per hectare) over the top of loblolly pine (≥ 60 cm height and ≥ 8 mm diameter) can control yellow nutsedge without injuring pine seedlings”