Abstract
The inconsistent vitality and efficiency of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) are technical limitations in the application of PGPB as biofertilizer. To improve these disadvantages, we examined the potential of micro Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) plasma to enhance the vitality and functional activity of a PGPB, Bacillus subtilis CB-R05. Bacterial multiplication and motility were increased after plasma treatment, and the level of a protein involved in cell division was elevated in plasma treated bacteria. Rice seeds inoculated with plasma treated bacteria showed no significant change in germination, but growth and grain yield of rice plants were significantly enhanced. Rice seedlings infected with plasma treated bacteria showed elevated tolerance to fungal infection. SEM analysis demonstrated that plasma treated bacteria colonized more densely in the broader area of rice plant roots than untreated bacteria. The level of IAA (Indole-3-Acetic Acid) and SA (Salicylic Acid) hormone was higher in rice plants infected with plasma treated than with untreated bacteria. Our results suggest that plasma can accelerate bacterial growth and motility, possibly by increasing the related gene expression, and the increased bacterial vitality improves colonization within plant roots and elevates the level of phytohormones, leading to the enhancement of plant growth, yield, and tolerance to disease.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Plasma treatment increased Bacillus subtilis CB-R05 multiplication and motility.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativae1 - Treatment
- plasma treatmente0
- Interactor
- Bacillus subtilis CB-R05
Bacillus subtilise2symbiont - Outcome
- Bacterial multiplication and motilitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bacterial multiplication and motility were increased after plasma treatment”
e1“Rice seeds inoculated with plasma treated bacteria”
e2“Bacillus subtilis CB-R05”
Claim · model-written summary
Plasma treatment elevated a bacterial cell-division protein.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- plasma treated bacteriae0
- Interactor
- Bacillus subtilis CB-R05Bacillus subtilise2symbiont
- Outcome
- level of a protein involved in cell divisione0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the level of a protein involved in cell division was elevated in plasma treated bacteria”
e1“Rice seeds inoculated with plasma treated bacteria”
e2“Bacillus subtilis CB-R05”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice seed germination showed no significant change after inoculation with plasma-treated bacteria.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- inoculated with plasma treated bacteriae0
- Interactor
- Bacillus subtilis CB-R05Bacillus subtilise1symbiont
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- no significant changee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice seeds inoculated with plasma treated bacteria showed no significant change in germination”
e1“Bacillus subtilis CB-R05”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with plasma-treated bacteria significantly enhanced rice growth and grain yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- inoculated with plasma treated bacteriae1
- Interactor
- Bacillus subtilis CB-R05Bacillus subtilise2symbiont
- Outcome
- growth and grain yielde0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“growth and grain yield of rice plants were significantly enhanced”
e1“Rice seeds inoculated with plasma treated bacteria”
e2“Bacillus subtilis CB-R05”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice seedlings inoculated with plasma-treated bacteria had elevated tolerance to fungal infection.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- infected with plasma treated bacteriae0
- Interactor
- Bacillus subtilis CB-R05Bacillus subtilise1symbiont
- Outcome
- tolerance to fungal infectione0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice seedlings infected with plasma treated bacteria showed elevated tolerance to fungal infection”
e1“Bacillus subtilis CB-R05”
Claim · model-written summary
Plasma-treated bacteria colonized rice roots more densely and broadly than untreated bacteria.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- plasma treated bacteriae0
- Interactor
- Bacillus subtilis CB-R05Bacillus subtilise1symbiont
- Outcome
- colonized more densely in the broader area of rice plant rootse0
- Direction
- more denselye0
- Comparator
- untreated bacteriae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plasma treated bacteria colonized more densely in the broader area of rice plant roots than untreated bacteria”
e1“Bacillus subtilis CB-R05”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice IAA hormone level was higher with plasma-treated than untreated bacteria.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- plasma treatede0
- Interactor
- Bacillus subtilis CB-R05Bacillus subtilise1symbiont
- Outcome
- level of IAA (Indole-3-Acetic Acid)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- untreated bacteriae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The level of IAA (Indole-3-Acetic Acid) and SA (Salicylic Acid) hormone was higher in rice plants infected with plasma treated than with untreated bacteria”
e1“Bacillus subtilis CB-R05”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice SA hormone level was higher with plasma-treated than untreated bacteria.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- plasma treatede0
- Interactor
- Bacillus subtilis CB-R05Bacillus subtilise1symbiont
- Outcome
- SA (Salicylic Acid) hormonee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- untreated bacteriae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The level of IAA (Indole-3-Acetic Acid) and SA (Salicylic Acid) hormone was higher in rice plants infected with plasma treated than with untreated bacteria”
e1“Bacillus subtilis CB-R05”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · Bacillus subtilis · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
7 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.