Abstract
Despite the fact that cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential element for plants, it can influence nutrients and affect human health. Potassium (K) can influence the transportation of heavy metals (HMs) in soil-plant systems. Here, a greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of Cd and K fertilizers on the different partitioning forms of HMs, their concentrations, uptake in the shoots and roots of Ocimum basilicum. Treatments comprised 2 levels of Cd (0 and 40 mg kg−1) and three levels of K (0, 100, and 200 mg kg−1) from three sources, i.e. KCl, K2SO4, and K-nano-chelate. 40 mg Cd kg−1 increased the shoot (above ground parts) Cd concentration. Addition of K as KCl, K2SO4, and K-nano-chelate increased the presence of Cd in shoots by 86, 82 and 76%, respectively, compared to the control. Using the nano-chelate of K can increase the accumulation of Cd in plants grown on contaminated soils to lesser content than that of the other forms of K. Application of 40 mg Cd kg−1 reduced the concentration of Zn, Cu, and Mn in the shoot, but increased shoot Fe concentration. Transfer factor (TF), which is the ratio of metal concentration in shoot to its concentration in root, of the studied HMs, was significantly affected by Cd and K treatments. Therefore, the proper form and dose of chemical fertilizers should be applied in Cd-contaminated soils.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium at 40 mg kg−1 increased basil shoot cadmium concentration.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicum
Ocimum basilicume1 - Treatment
- 40 mg Cd kg−1e0
- Outcome
- shoot (above ground parts) Cd concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“40 mg Cd kg−1 increased the shoot (above ground parts) Cd concentration.”
e1“shoots and roots of Ocimum basilicum”
Claim · model-written summary
KCl increased cadmium presence in basil shoots by 86% relative to the control.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicumOcimum basilicume1
- Treatment
- KCle0
- Outcome
- presence of Cd in shootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 86e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of K as KCl, K2SO4, and K-nano-chelate increased the presence of Cd in shoots by 86, 82 and 76%, respectively, compared to the control.”
e1“shoots and roots of Ocimum basilicum”
Claim · model-written summary
K2SO4 increased cadmium presence in basil shoots by 82% relative to the control.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicumOcimum basilicume1
- Treatment
- K2SO4e0
- Outcome
- presence of Cd in shootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 82e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of K as KCl, K2SO4, and K-nano-chelate increased the presence of Cd in shoots by 86, 82 and 76%, respectively, compared to the control.”
e1“shoots and roots of Ocimum basilicum”
Claim · model-written summary
K-nano-chelate increased cadmium presence in basil shoots by 76% relative to the control.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicumOcimum basilicume1
- Treatment
- K-nano-chelatee0
- Outcome
- presence of Cd in shootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 76%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of K as KCl, K2SO4, and K-nano-chelate increased the presence of Cd in shoots by 86, 82 and 76%, respectively, compared to the control.”
e1“shoots and roots of Ocimum basilicum”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium nano-chelate led to less cadmium accumulation than the other potassium forms.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicumOcimum basilicume1
- Treatment
- nano-chelate of Ke0
- Outcome
- accumulation of Cd in plantse0
- Direction
- lessere0
- Qualifier
- contaminated soilse0
- Comparator
- other forms of Ke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Using the nano-chelate of K can increase the accumulation of Cd in plants grown on contaminated soils to lesser content than that of the other forms of K.”
e1“shoots and roots of Ocimum basilicum”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium treatment reduced shoot zinc, copper, and manganese concentrations.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicumOcimum basilicume1
- Treatment
- 40 mg Cd kg−1e0
- Outcome
- concentration of Zn, Cu, and Mn in the shoote0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 40 mg Cd kg−1 reduced the concentration of Zn, Cu, and Mn in the shoot, but increased shoot Fe concentration.”
e1“shoots and roots of Ocimum basilicum”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium treatment increased shoot iron concentration.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicumOcimum basilicume1
- Treatment
- 40 mg Cd kg−1e0
- Outcome
- shoot Fe concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 40 mg Cd kg−1 reduced the concentration of Zn, Cu, and Mn in the shoot, but increased shoot Fe concentration.”
e1“shoots and roots of Ocimum basilicum”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium and potassium treatments significantly affected heavy-metal transfer factors.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicumOcimum basilicume1
- Treatment
- Cd and K treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Transfer factor (TF)e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transfer factor (TF), which is the ratio of metal concentration in shoot to its concentration in root, of the studied HMs, was significantly affected by Cd and K treatments.”
e1“shoots and roots of Ocimum basilicum”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors advise selecting an appropriate fertilizer form and dose for cadmium-contaminated soil.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicumOcimum basilicume1
- Outcome
- proper form and dose of chemical fertilizers should be applied in Cd-contaminated soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the proper form and dose of chemical fertilizers should be applied in Cd-contaminated soils.”
e1“shoots and roots of Ocimum basilicum”
The same questions in other papers
potassium chloride · nutrient: content · Ocimum basilicum (basil)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
potassium sulfate · nutrient: content · Ocimum basilicum (basil)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
cadmium atom · nutrient: content · Ocimum basilicum (basil)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
nanoparticle · molecular: metabolites · Ocimum basilicum (basil)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.