Abstract
Deciphering the genetic control of grape berry traits is crucial for optimizing yield, fruit quality, and consumer acceptability. In this study, an association panel of 179 grape genotypes comprising a mixture of ancient cultivars, landraces, and modern varieties collected worldwide were genotyped with genotyping-by-sequencing using a genome-wide association approach based on 32,311 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Genome-wide efficient mixed-model association was selected as the optimal statistical model based on the results of known control loci of grape berry color traits. Many of the associated SNPs identified in this study were in accordance with the previous QTL analyses using biparental mapping. The grape skin color locus was found to be associated with a mybA transcription factor on chromosome 2. Two strong and distinct association signals associated with berry development periods were found on chromosome 16. Most candidate genes of the interval were highlighted as receptor-like protein kinase. For berry weight, significant association loci were identified on chromosome 18, as previously known, and on chromosome 19 and chromosome 17, as newly mapped. Berry flesh texture was newly located on chromosome 16; candidate genes in the interval were related to calcium. Berry flavor was determined on chromosome 5. Genomic regions were further investigated to reveal candidate genes. In this work, we identified interesting genetic determinants of grape berry-related traits. The identification of the markers closely associated with these berry traits may be useful for grape molecular breeding.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
A mixed model was selected as optimal based on known grape berry color loci.
Verbatim
e0“grape berry color traits”
e1“Genome-wide efficient mixed-model association was selected as the optimal statistical model based on the results of known control loci of grape berry color traits”
Claim · model-written summary
Many associated SNPs agreed with previous biparental QTL analyses.
Verbatim
e0“grape berry color traits”
e1“Many of the associated SNPs identified in this study were in accordance with the previous QTL analyses using biparental mapping”
Claim · model-written summary
The grape skin color locus was associated with mybA on chromosome 2.
Not reportedSettingDirection
Verbatim
e0“The grape skin color locus was found to be associated with a mybA transcription factor on chromosome 2”
Claim · model-written summary
Two association signals for berry development periods were on chromosome 16.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“grape berry color traits”
e1“Two strong and distinct association signals associated with berry development periods were found on chromosome 16”
Claim · model-written summary
Most candidate genes in the berry development interval were receptor-like protein kinases.
Verbatim
e0“grape berry color traits”
e1“Most candidate genes of the interval were highlighted as receptor-like protein kinase”
Claim · model-written summary
Berry weight had significant association loci on chromosome 18, previously known.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“grape berry color traits”
e1“For berry weight, significant association loci were identified on chromosome 18, as previously known, and on chromosome 19 and chromosome 17, as newly mapped”
Claim · model-written summary
Berry weight had newly mapped significant association loci on chromosome 19.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“grape berry color traits”
e1“For berry weight, significant association loci were identified on chromosome 18, as previously known, and on chromosome 19 and chromosome 17, as newly mapped”
Claim · model-written summary
Berry weight had newly mapped significant association loci on chromosome 17.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“grape berry color traits”
e1“For berry weight, significant association loci were identified on chromosome 18, as previously known, and on chromosome 19 and chromosome 17, as newly mapped”
Claim · model-written summary
Berry flesh texture was newly located on chromosome 16.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“grape berry color traits”
e1“Berry flesh texture was newly located on chromosome 16; candidate genes in the interval were related to calcium”
Claim · model-written summary
Candidate genes for berry flesh texture were related to calcium.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“grape berry color traits”
e1“candidate genes in the interval were related to calcium”
Claim · model-written summary
Berry flavor was mapped to chromosome 5.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“grape berry color traits”
e1“Berry flavor was determined on chromosome 5”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors consider markers associated with berry traits potentially useful for grape molecular breeding.
Verbatim
e0“The identification of the markers closely associated with these berry traits may be useful for grape molecular breeding”