Abstract
Organic wastes can be usefully recovered to produce organic amendments, for example, compost, to be used for crop production, thus reducing impacts through efficient waste management. The aim of this work was to study the effects of compost obtained from municipal waste in combination with poultry manure on plant growth, nitrate reductase (NR) activity and absorption and distribution of heavy metals (HM) in plant tissues of tomatoes, grown in pots in greenhouses. Two compost types obtained from municipal waste mixed with poultry manure (C1 = 3:2 and C2 = 2:3) were used at two different ages (105 d and 173 d) and at two mix rates with soil (32.5 g pot−1 and 65 g pot−1); soil with no compost amendment was used as control. The experiment was conducted using tomato plants in pots and plant growth and nutrient plant uptake was determined after 65 days from plant transplanting. Results obtained indicated that compost type and compost rate affected biomass production. However, compost age did not influence the development of plants. Nutrient status of tomato plants was also investigated with reference to the N cycle. Nitrite accumulation in the leaves increased with the increase in compost doses. The accumulation of NO2− was associated with a significant increase in NR activity. HM content in leaves decreased with compost use. HM accumulated preferentially in roots and leaves and the soil to root metals transfer was in this order: Fe (1.08–2.14)> Co (0.53–4.10)>Cu (0.28–2.28) >Mn (0.3–1.34) >Zn (0.87–1.21)>Cr (0.12–1.64). The highest and lowest dynamic bioaccumulation factors (BAFdyn) were observed in roots and stems, respectively. The root system acted as a barrier for Cd and Pb. It was concluded that compost use is beneficial for tomato plants, with particular reference to the compost obtained by using a higher amount of poultry manure (C2) in the mix.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Compost type affected tomato biomass production.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- compost typee1
- Outcome
- biomass productione1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The experiment was conducted using tomato plants in pots”
e1“compost type and compost rate affected biomass production”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost rate affected tomato biomass production.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- compost ratee1
- Outcome
- biomass productione1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The experiment was conducted using tomato plants in pots”
e1“compost type and compost rate affected biomass production”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost age did not influence tomato development.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- compost agee1
- Outcome
- development of plantse1
- Direction
- did not influencee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The experiment was conducted using tomato plants in pots”
e1“compost age did not influence the development of plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf nitrite accumulation increased with compost dose.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- leavese1
- Treatment
- compost dosese1
- Outcome
- Nitrite accumulation in the leavese1
- Direction
- increasede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The experiment was conducted using tomato plants in pots”
e1“Nitrite accumulation in the leaves increased with the increase in compost doses”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrite accumulation was associated with significantly increased nitrate reductase activity.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Compound
- NO2−e1
- Outcome
- NR activitye1
- Direction
- increasee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The experiment was conducted using tomato plants in pots”
e1“The accumulation of NO2− was associated with a significant increase in NR activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost use decreased heavy metal content in leaves.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- leavese1
- Treatment
- compost usee1
- Outcome
- HM content in leavese1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The experiment was conducted using tomato plants in pots”
e1“HM content in leaves decreased with compost use”
Claim · model-written summary
Heavy metals accumulated preferentially in tomato roots and leaves.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- roots and leavese1
- Outcome
- HM accumulated preferentiallye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The experiment was conducted using tomato plants in pots”
e1“HM accumulated preferentially in roots and leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil-to-root transfer was greatest for Fe, followed by Co, Cu, Mn, Zn and Cr.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Outcome
- soil to root metals transfere1
- Qualifier
- Fe (1.08–2.14)> Co (0.53–4.10)>Cu (0.28–2.28) >Mn (0.3–1.34) >Zn (0.87–1.21)>Cr (0.12–1.64)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The experiment was conducted using tomato plants in pots”
e1“soil to root metals transfer was in this order: Fe (1.08–2.14)> Co (0.53–4.10)>Cu (0.28–2.28) >Mn (0.3–1.34) >Zn (0.87–1.21)>Cr (0.12–1.64)”
Claim · model-written summary
Dynamic bioaccumulation factors were highest in roots.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- rootse1
- Outcome
- dynamic bioaccumulation factors (BAFdyn)e1
- Direction
- higheste1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The experiment was conducted using tomato plants in pots”
e1“The highest and lowest dynamic bioaccumulation factors (BAFdyn) were observed in roots and stems, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Dynamic bioaccumulation factors were lowest in stems.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- stemse1
- Outcome
- dynamic bioaccumulation factors (BAFdyn)e1
- Direction
- loweste1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The experiment was conducted using tomato plants in pots”
e1“The highest and lowest dynamic bioaccumulation factors (BAFdyn) were observed in roots and stems, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The tomato root system acted as a barrier to Cd and Pb.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- root systeme1
- Outcome
- barrier for Cd and Pbe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The experiment was conducted using tomato plants in pots”
e1“The root system acted as a barrier for Cd and Pb”
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See all 668 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.