Abstract
Subsoil manuring is a practice that involves placing high rates of organic amendments in bands at the base of rip-lines that extend down into the subsoil to a depth of 30–40 cm, in order to ameliorate poorly structured clay subsoils. The objective of this study was to determine whether the increases in crop yield from this practice, which occurred at one site in the high-rainfall zone in Victoria from 2005 to 2007, would occur at other sites and in other seasons in south-western Victoria. On-farm field experiments were therefore carried out at three sites in south-western Victoria between 2009 and 2012 to measure the yield responses to subsoil manuring. The study found that subsoil manuring with poultry litter resulted in consistent and recurring increases in estimated grain yield at these sites, with responses occurring with consecutive crops. Increases in estimated grain yield continued for 4 years, with average increases in hand-harvested yield of 3.5 t ha–1 for wheat, 1.6 t ha–1 for canola and 2.3 t ha–1 for faba beans. The estimated increases in grain yield were frequently associated with the increased extraction of deep subsoil water after anthesis. A treatment involving deep-banded nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilisers and additional in-crop N, which matched the N and P in the poultry litter, yielded less than the full rate of subsoil manuring in seven of the eight site-years. This suggests that yield responses from subsoil manuring were not solely due to the release of N and P from the deep-banded poultry litter.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry litter subsoil manuring repeatedly increased estimated grain yield across consecutive crops.
- Taxon
- Cropt0
- Treatment
- subsoil manuring with poultry littere0
- Outcome
- estimated grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“subsoil manuring with poultry litter resulted in consistent and recurring increases in estimated grain yield at these sites, with responses occurring with consecutive crops.”
t0“Crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat hand-harvested yield increased by an average 3.5 t ha–1 over four years.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- subsoil manuring with poultry littere1
- Outcome
- hand-harvested yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 3.5 t ha–1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increases in estimated grain yield continued for 4 years, with average increases in hand-harvested yield of 3.5 t ha–1 for wheat, 1.6 t ha–1 for canola and 2.3 t ha–1 for faba beans.”
e1“subsoil manuring with poultry litter resulted in consistent and recurring increases”
Claim · model-written summary
Canola hand-harvested yield increased by an average 1.6 t ha–1 over four years.
- Taxon
- canola
.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napus var. napuse0 - Treatment
- subsoil manuring with poultry littere1
- Outcome
- hand-harvested yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 1.6 t ha–1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Increases in estimated grain yield continued for 4 years, with average increases in hand-harvested yield of 3.5 t ha–1 for wheat, 1.6 t ha–1 for canola and 2.3 t ha–1 for faba beans.”
e1“subsoil manuring with poultry litter resulted in consistent and recurring increases”
Claim · model-written summary
Faba bean hand-harvested yield increased by an average 2.3 t ha–1 over four years.
- Taxon
- faba beans
Vicia fabae0 - Treatment
- subsoil manuring with poultry littere1
- Outcome
- hand-harvested yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 2.3 t ha–1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increases in estimated grain yield continued for 4 years, with average increases in hand-harvested yield of 3.5 t ha–1 for wheat, 1.6 t ha–1 for canola and 2.3 t ha–1 for faba beans.”
e1“subsoil manuring with poultry litter resulted in consistent and recurring increases”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater grain yield was frequently associated with greater deep subsoil water extraction after anthesis.
Verbatim
e0“The estimated increases in grain yield were frequently associated with the increased extraction of deep subsoil water after anthesis.”
t0“Crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Matched deep-banded nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer yielded less than full-rate subsoil manuring in seven of eight site-years.
Verbatim
e0“A treatment involving deep-banded nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilisers and additional in-crop N, which matched the N and P in the poultry litter, yielded less than the full rate of subsoil manuring in seven of the eight site-years.”
t0“Crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield responses were not solely attributable to nitrogen and phosphorus release from deep-banded poultry litter.
Verbatim
e0“This suggests that yield responses from subsoil manuring were not solely due to the release of N and P from the deep-banded poultry litter.”
t0“Crop”
The same questions in other papers
tillage · yield · Vicia faba (faba bean)Positive and negative results
15 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
17 papers more in this group
See all 21 papers →tillage · yield · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Positive and negative results
41 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
46 papers more in this group
See all 50 papers →fertilization · yield · Vicia faba (faba bean)Positive and negative results
158 papers in the same direction as this paper · 17 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
172 papers more in this group
See all 176 papers →fertilization · yield · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Positive and negative results
336 papers in the same direction as this paper · 37 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
374 papers more in this group
See all 378 papers →tillage · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1,115 papers in the same direction as this paper · 257 in the opposite direction · 41 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- positive
- negative
1,410 papers more in this group
See all 1,414 papers →fertilization · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
3,114 papers in the same direction as this paper · 284 in the opposite direction · 39 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- negative
3,434 papers more in this group
See all 3,438 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.