Abstract
Different light and shade intensities are the main constraints to achieve potential biomass accumulation in Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev. An experiment was conducted to explain the physiochemical and morphological adversity triggered by various light intensities. Adverse impacts were lessened with exogenous brassinolide (BR). Treatments consisted of 100% natural light (T0), 100% natural light + 0.1 mg L -1 BR (BT0), light shade (70% natural light) (T1), light shade + BR (70% natural light + 0.1 mg L -1 BR) (BT1), moderate shade (50% natural light) (T2), and moderate shade + BR (50% natural light + 0.1 mg L -1 BR) (BT2). These were completely randomized design treatments with five replicates. Results showed that dry biomass production and endogenous hormone levels (abscisic acid [ABA], zeatin riboside [ZR], gibberellic acid [GA], and indole acetic acid [IAA]) increased, while osmolyte accumulation (soluble sugars and proteins, free amino acids, and proline), antioxidant activity (peroxidase [POD], superoxide dismutase [SOD], and catalase [CAT]), and lipid peroxidation decreased under shade at T0. Treatment T1 depicted the most promising results for these attributes. However, biomass accumulation (33%-56%), osmotic substances (soluble sugars,13%-38%; soluble proteins, 9%-41%; free amino acids, 8%-16%; proline, 11%-41%), and antioxidant enzyme activities (POD, 11%-14%; SOD, 3%-33%; CAT, 4%-23%) increased. On the other hand, lipid peroxidation was reduced by BR application, as indicated by decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content (7%-31%) and relative conductivity (7%-19%) under both natural and shade conditions. Likewise, the biosynthesis of ABA (2%-22%), ZR (11%-24%), and GA (30%-50%) improved under exogenous BR compared with the control. The IAA contents (22%-28%) decreased under foliar-applied BR compared with the control. Results suggested that light to moderate shade improved the biomass production and physiological performance of L. chinensis, while BR application exhibited further improvement.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Shade increased dry biomass production.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensis (Trin.) TzvelevLeymus chinensist0
- Treatment
- shadee1
- Outcome
- dry biomass productione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev”
e0“Results showed that dry biomass production and endogenous hormone levels (abscisic acid [ABA], zeatin riboside [ZR], gibberellic acid [GA], and indole acetic acid [IAA]) increased”
e1“decreased under shade at T0.”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade increased endogenous hormone levels.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensis (Trin.) TzvelevLeymus chinensist0
- Treatment
- shadee1
- Outcome
- endogenous hormone levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev”
e0“endogenous hormone levels (abscisic acid [ABA], zeatin riboside [ZR], gibberellic acid [GA], and indole acetic acid [IAA]) increased”
e1“decreased under shade at T0.”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade decreased osmolyte accumulation, antioxidant activity and lipid peroxidation.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensis (Trin.) TzvelevLeymus chinensist0
- Treatment
- shadee0
- Outcome
- osmolyte accumulatione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev”
e0“osmolyte accumulation (soluble sugars and proteins, free amino acids, and proline), antioxidant activity (peroxidase [POD], superoxide dismutase [SOD], and catalase [CAT]), and lipid peroxidation decreased under shade at T0.”
Claim · model-written summary
T1 was the most promising treatment for the measured attributes.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensis (Trin.) TzvelevLeymus chinensist0
- Treatment
- Treatment T1e0
- Outcome
- most promisinge0
- Direction
- most promisinge0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev”
e0“Treatment T1 depicted the most promising results for these attributes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassinolide raised biomass accumulation by 33%-56%.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensis (Trin.) TzvelevLeymus chinensist0
- Treatment
- brassinolidee1
- Outcome
- biomass accumulatione0
- Value
- 33%-56%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
t0“Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev”
e0“biomass accumulation (33%-56%), osmotic substances”
e1“exogenous brassinolide (BR)”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassinolide increased soluble sugars by 13%-38%.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensis (Trin.) TzvelevLeymus chinensist0
- Treatment
- brassinolidee1
- Outcome
- soluble sugarse0
- Value
- 13%-38%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
t0“Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev”
e0“soluble sugars,13%-38%”
e1“exogenous brassinolide (BR)”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassinolide increased soluble proteins by 9%-41%.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensis (Trin.) TzvelevLeymus chinensist0
- Treatment
- brassinolidee1
- Outcome
- soluble proteinse0
- Value
- 9%-41%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
t0“Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev”
e0“soluble proteins, 9%-41%”
e1“exogenous brassinolide (BR)”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassinolide increased free amino acids by 8%-16%.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensis (Trin.) TzvelevLeymus chinensist0
- Treatment
- brassinolidee1
- Outcome
- free amino acidse0
- Value
- 8%-16%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
t0“Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev”
e0“free amino acids, 8%-16%”
e1“exogenous brassinolide (BR)”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassinolide increased proline by 11%-41%.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensis (Trin.) TzvelevLeymus chinensist0
- Treatment
- brassinolidee1
- Outcome
- prolinee0
- Value
- 11%-41%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
t0“Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev”
e0“proline, 11%-41%”
e1“exogenous brassinolide (BR)”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassinolide increased POD activity by 11%-14%.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensis (Trin.) TzvelevLeymus chinensist0
- Treatment
- brassinolidee1
- Outcome
- PODe0
- Value
- 11%-14%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
t0“Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev”
e0“POD, 11%-14%”
e1“exogenous brassinolide (BR)”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassinolide increased SOD activity by 3%-33%.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensis (Trin.) TzvelevLeymus chinensist0
- Treatment
- brassinolidee1
- Outcome
- SODe0
- Value
- 3%-33%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
t0“Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev”
e0“SOD, 3%-33%”
e1“exogenous brassinolide (BR)”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassinolide increased CAT activity by 4%-23%.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensis (Trin.) TzvelevLeymus chinensist0
- Treatment
- brassinolidee1
- Outcome
- CATe0
- Value
- 4%-23%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
t0“Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev”
e0“CAT, 4%-23%”
e1“exogenous brassinolide (BR)”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassinolide lowered malondialdehyde content by 7%-31%.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensis (Trin.) TzvelevLeymus chinensist0
- Treatment
- BR applicatione1
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde (MDA) contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 7%-31%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev”
e0“decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content (7%-31%)”
e1“reduced by BR application”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassinolide lowered relative conductivity by 7%-19%.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensis (Trin.) TzvelevLeymus chinensist0
- Treatment
- BR applicatione1
- Outcome
- relative conductivitye0
- Value
- 7%-19%e0
- Qualifier
- both natural and shade conditionse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
t0“Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev”
e0“relative conductivity (7%-19%) under both natural and shade conditions.”
e1“reduced by BR application”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassinolide increased ABA biosynthesis by 2%-22%.
Verbatim
t0“Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev”
e0“biosynthesis of ABA (2%-22%), ZR (11%-24%), and GA (30%-50%) improved under exogenous BR compared with the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassinolide increased ZR biosynthesis by 11%-24%.
Verbatim
t0“Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev”
e0“ZR (11%-24%), and GA (30%-50%) improved under exogenous BR compared with the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassinolide increased GA biosynthesis by 30%-50%.
Verbatim
t0“Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev”
e0“GA (30%-50%) improved under exogenous BR compared with the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar brassinolide lowered IAA contents by 22%-28%.
Verbatim
t0“Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev”
e0“IAA contents (22%-28%) decreased under foliar-applied BR compared with the control.”
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.