Paper · 2018 · BioMed Research International

Inoculation with Efficient Nitrogen Fixing and Indoleacetic Acid Producing Bacterial Microsymbiont Enhance Tolerance of the Model Legume Medicago truncatula to Iron Deficiency

Nadia Kallala; Wissal M’sehli; Karima Jelali; et al.

12
claims
20
verbatim quotes
9
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of symbiotic bacteria inoculation on the response of Medicago truncatula genotypes to iron deficiency. The present work was conducted on three Medicago truncatula genotypes: A17, TN8.20, and TN1.11. Three treatments were performed: control (C), direct Fe deficiency (DD), and induced Fe deficiency by bicarbonate (ID). Plants were nitrogen-fertilized (T) or inoculated with two bacterial strains: Sinorhizobium meliloti TII7 and Sinorhizobium medicae SII4. Biometric, physiological, and biochemical parameters were analyzed. Iron deficiency had a significant lowering effect on plant biomass and chlorophyll content in all Medicago truncatula genotypes. TN1.11 showed the highest lipid peroxidation and leakage of electrolyte under iron deficiency conditions, which suggest that TN1.11 was more affected than A17 and TN8.20 by Fe starvation. Iron deficiency affected symbiotic performance indices of all Medicago truncatula genotypes inoculated with both Sinorhizobium strains, mainly nodules number and biomass as well as nitrogen-fixing capacity. Nevertheless, inoculation with Sinorhizobium strains mitigates the negative effect of Fe deficiency on plant growth and oxidative stress compared to nitrogen-fertilized plants. The highest auxin producing strain, TII7, preserves relatively high growth and root biomass and length when inoculated to TN8.20 and A17. On the other hand, both TII7 and SII4 strains improve the performance of sensitive genotype TN1.11 through reduction of the negative effect of iron deficiency on chlorophyll and plant Fe content. The bacterial inoculation improved Fe-deficient plant response to oxidative stress via the induction of the activities of antioxidant enzymes.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 12

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Iron deficiency significantly reduced biomass of all Medicago genotypes.

Taxon
Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulae0
Treatment
Iron deficiencye0
Outcome
plant biomasse0
Direction
loweringe0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Medicago truncatula
Medicago truncatula · TaxonNinjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Iron deficiency had a significant lowering effect on plant biomass and chlorophyll content in all Medicago truncatula genotypes.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 572–700 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Iron deficiency significantly reduced chlorophyll content in all Medicago genotypes.

Taxon
Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulae0
Treatment
Iron deficiencye0
Outcome
chlorophyll contente0
Direction
loweringe0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Medicago truncatula
Medicago truncatula · TaxonNinjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Iron deficiency had a significant lowering effect on plant biomass and chlorophyll content in all Medicago truncatula genotypes.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 572–700 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

TN1.11 had the highest lipid peroxidation under iron deficiency.

Taxon
Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
Material
TN1.11e0
Treatment
iron deficiencye0
Outcome
lipid peroxidatione0
Direction
higheste0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Medicago truncatula
Medicago truncatula · TaxonNinjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“TN1.11 showed the highest lipid peroxidation and leakage of electrolyte under iron deficiency conditions”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 701–805 · show in text ↑
t0

“Medicago truncatula”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 137–156 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

TN1.11 had the highest electrolyte leakage under iron deficiency.

Taxon
Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
Material
TN1.11e0
Treatment
iron deficiencye0
Outcome
leakage of electrolytee0
Direction
higheste0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Medicago truncatula
Medicago truncatula · TaxonNinjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“TN1.11 showed the highest lipid peroxidation and leakage of electrolyte under iron deficiency conditions”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 701–805 · show in text ↑
t0

“Medicago truncatula”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 137–156 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Iron deficiency affected nodule number and biomass in inoculated Medicago genotypes.

Taxon
Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulae0
Treatment
Iron deficiencye0
Interactor
SinorhizobiumSinorhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
nodules number and biomasse0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Medicago truncatula
Medicago truncatula · TaxonNinjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Sinorhizobium
Sinorhizobium · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ninjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Iron deficiency affected symbiotic performance indices of all Medicago truncatula genotypes inoculated with both Sinorhizobium strains, mainly nodules number and biomass as well as nitrogen-fixing capacity.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 889–1095 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Iron deficiency affected nitrogen-fixing capacity in inoculated Medicago genotypes.

Taxon
Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulae0
Treatment
Iron deficiencye0
Interactor
SinorhizobiumSinorhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
nitrogen-fixing capacitye0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Medicago truncatula
Medicago truncatula · TaxonNinjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Sinorhizobium
Sinorhizobium · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ninjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Iron deficiency affected symbiotic performance indices of all Medicago truncatula genotypes inoculated with both Sinorhizobium strains, mainly nodules number and biomass as well as nitrogen-fixing capacity.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 889–1095 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Sinorhizobium inoculation mitigated the effect of iron deficiency on Medicago growth compared with nitrogen fertilization.

Taxon
Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
Treatment
inoculation with Sinorhizobium strainse0
Interactor
Sinorhizobium strainse0symbiont
Outcome
plant growthe0
Direction
mitigatese0
Comparator
nitrogen-fertilized plantse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Medicago truncatula
Medicago truncatula · TaxonNinjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“inoculation with Sinorhizobium strains mitigates the negative effect of Fe deficiency on plant growth and oxidative stress compared to nitrogen-fertilized plants.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1110–1272 · show in text ↑
t0

“Medicago truncatula”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 137–156 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Sinorhizobium inoculation mitigated oxidative stress under iron deficiency compared with nitrogen fertilization.

Taxon
Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
Treatment
inoculation with Sinorhizobium strainse0
Interactor
Sinorhizobium strainse0symbiont
Outcome
oxidative stresse0
Direction
mitigatese0
Comparator
nitrogen-fertilized plantse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Medicago truncatula
Medicago truncatula · TaxonNinjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“inoculation with Sinorhizobium strains mitigates the negative effect of Fe deficiency on plant growth and oxidative stress compared to nitrogen-fertilized plants.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1110–1272 · show in text ↑
t0

“Medicago truncatula”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 137–156 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

TII7 preserved relatively high growth and root biomass and length in TN8.20 and A17.

Taxon
Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
Material
TN8.20 and A17e0
Treatment
TII7e0
Interactor
TII7e0symbiont
Outcome
growth and root biomass and lengthe0
Direction
relatively highe0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Medicago truncatula
Medicago truncatula · TaxonNinjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest auxin producing strain, TII7, preserves relatively high growth and root biomass and length when inoculated to TN8.20 and A17.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1273–1410 · show in text ↑
t0

“Medicago truncatula”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 137–156 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

TII7 reduced the effect of iron deficiency on chlorophyll and Fe content in TN1.11.

Taxon
Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
Material
TN1.11e0
Treatment
TII7e0
Interactor
TII7e0symbiont
Outcome
chlorophyll and plant Fe contente0
Direction
reductione0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Medicago truncatula
Medicago truncatula · TaxonNinjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“both TII7 and SII4 strains improve the performance of sensitive genotype TN1.11 through reduction of the negative effect of iron deficiency on chlorophyll and plant Fe content.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1430–1606 · show in text ↑
t0

“Medicago truncatula”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 137–156 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

SII4 reduced the effect of iron deficiency on chlorophyll and Fe content in TN1.11.

Taxon
Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
Material
TN1.11e0
Treatment
SII4e0
Interactor
SII4e0symbiont
Outcome
chlorophyll and plant Fe contente0
Direction
reductione0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Medicago truncatula
Medicago truncatula · TaxonNinjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“both TII7 and SII4 strains improve the performance of sensitive genotype TN1.11 through reduction of the negative effect of iron deficiency on chlorophyll and plant Fe content.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1430–1606 · show in text ↑
t0

“Medicago truncatula”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 137–156 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Bacterial inoculation induced antioxidant enzyme activities in iron-deficient Medicago plants.

Taxon
Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
Treatment
bacterial inoculatione0
Outcome
activities of antioxidant enzymese0
Direction
inductione0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Medicago truncatula
Medicago truncatula · TaxonNinjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The bacterial inoculation improved Fe-deficient plant response to oxidative stress via the induction of the activities of antioxidant enzymes.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1607–1749 · show in text ↑
t0

“Medicago truncatula”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 137–156 · show in text ↑

iron atom · growth · Medicago truncatula (barrel medic)Results agree

2 papers: 2 positive, 0 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

This paper is about lacking the nutrient, so it counts the other way round here.

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

iron atom · physiology: pigments · Medicago truncatula (barrel medic)Results agree

2 papers: 2 positive, 0 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

This paper is about lacking the nutrient, so it counts the other way round here.

  1. positive
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inoculation · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Medicago truncatula (barrel medic)Positive and negative results

3 papers: 2 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

inoculation · growth · Medicago truncatula (barrel medic)Positive and negative results

11 papers: 9 positive, 2 negative or no effect

8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. positive

7 papers more in this group

See all 11 papers →

inoculation · physiology: oxidative · Medicago truncatula (barrel medic)Results agree

4 papers: 4 positive, 0 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive
See all 4 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.