Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) is a kind of serine/threonine kinase widely found in eukaryotes. Many plant GSK3 kinases play important roles in regulating stress responses. This study investigated BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 2 (GmBIN2) gene, a member of the GSK3 protein kinase family in soybean and an orthologue of Arabidopsis BIN2/AtSK21. GmBIN2 expression was increased by salt and drought stresses, but was not significantly affected by the ABA treatment. To examine the function of GmBIN2, transgenic Arabidopsis and transgenic soybean hairy roots were generated. Overexpression of GmBIN2 in Arabidopsis resulted in increased germination rate and root length compared with wild-type plants under salt and mannitol treatments. Overexpression of GmBIN2 increased cellular Ca2+ content and reduced Na+ content, enhancing salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. In the soybean hairy root assay, overexpression of GmBIN2 in transgenic roots also showed significantly higher relative root growth rate than the control when subjected to salt and mannitol treatments. Measurement of physiological indicators, including proline content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and relative electrical conductivity, supported this conclusion. Furthermore, we also found that GmBIN2 could up-regulate the expression of some stress-related genes in transgenic Arabidopsis and soybean hairy roots. Overall, these results indicated that GmBIN2 improved tolerance to salt and drought in transgenic Arabidopsis and soybean hairy roots.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
GmBIN2 expression in soybean was increased by salt and drought stresses.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- salt and drought stressese1
- Gene
- GmBIN2e1
- Outcome
- GmBIN2 expressione1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“a soybean glycogen synthase kinase 3 gene”
e1“GmBIN2 expression was increased by salt and drought stresses, but was not significantly affected by the ABA treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
GmBIN2 expression in soybean was not significantly affected by ABA treatment.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- ABA treatmente1
- Gene
- GmBIN2e1
- Outcome
- GmBIN2 expressione1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“a soybean glycogen synthase kinase 3 gene”
e1“GmBIN2 expression was increased by salt and drought stresses, but was not significantly affected by the ABA treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of GmBIN2 in Arabidopsis increased germination rate and root length compared with wild-type plants under salt and mannitol treatments.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise2 - Treatment
- Overexpression of GmBIN2e2
- Gene
- GmBIN2e2
- Outcome
- germination rate and root lengthe2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Qualifier
- under salt and mannitol treatmentse2
- Comparator
- wild-type plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Overexpression of GmBIN2 in Arabidopsis resulted in increased germination rate and root length compared with wild-type plants under salt and mannitol treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of GmBIN2 increased cellular Ca2+ content in transgenic Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise3
- Treatment
- Overexpression of GmBIN2e3
- Outcome
- cellular Ca2+ contente3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Overexpression of GmBIN2 increased cellular Ca2+ content and reduced Na+ content, enhancing salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of GmBIN2 reduced cellular Na+ content in transgenic Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise3
- Treatment
- Overexpression of GmBIN2e3
- Outcome
- Na+ contente3
- Direction
- reducede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Overexpression of GmBIN2 increased cellular Ca2+ content and reduced Na+ content, enhancing salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of GmBIN2 enhanced salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise3
- Treatment
- Overexpression of GmBIN2e3
- Outcome
- salt tolerancee3
- Direction
- enhancinge3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Overexpression of GmBIN2 increased cellular Ca2+ content and reduced Na+ content, enhancing salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of GmBIN2 significantly increased relative root growth rate of soybean hairy roots compared with the control under salt and mannitol treatments.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe4
- Treatment
- overexpression of GmBIN2e4
- Outcome
- relative root growth ratee4
- Direction
- highere4
- Qualifier
- when subjected to salt and mannitol treatmentse4
- Comparator
- the controle4
- Setting
- soybean hairy root assaye4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“In the soybean hairy root assay, overexpression of GmBIN2 in transgenic roots also showed significantly higher relative root growth rate than the control when subjected to salt and mannitol treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Physiological indicators (proline content, SOD activity, relative electrical conductivity) in soybean were measured and supported the conclusion of improved tolerance.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- proline content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and relative electrical conductivitye5
- Qualifier
- supported this conclusione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“a soybean glycogen synthase kinase 3 gene”
e5“Measurement of physiological indicators, including proline content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and relative electrical conductivity, supported this conclusion”
Claim · model-written summary
GmBIN2 up-regulated the expression of some stress-related genes in transgenic Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise6
- Gene
- GmBIN2e6
- Outcome
- expression of some stress-related genese6
- Direction
- up-regulatee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“GmBIN2 could up-regulate the expression of some stress-related genes in transgenic Arabidopsis and soybean hairy roots”
Claim · model-written summary
GmBIN2 up-regulated the expression of some stress-related genes in soybean hairy roots.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe6
- Gene
- GmBIN2e6
- Outcome
- expression of some stress-related genese6
- Direction
- up-regulatee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“GmBIN2 could up-regulate the expression of some stress-related genes in transgenic Arabidopsis and soybean hairy roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of GmBIN2 improved tolerance to salt and drought in transgenic Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise7
- Treatment
- GmBIN2e7
- Outcome
- tolerance to salt and droughte7
- Direction
- improvede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Overall, these results indicated that GmBIN2 improved tolerance to salt and drought in transgenic Arabidopsis and soybean hairy roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of GmBIN2 improved tolerance to salt and drought in soybean hairy roots.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe7
- Treatment
- GmBIN2e7
- Outcome
- tolerance to salt and droughte7
- Direction
- improvede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Overall, these results indicated that GmBIN2 improved tolerance to salt and drought in transgenic Arabidopsis and soybean hairy roots”
The same questions in other papers
(+)-abscisic acid · molecular: expression · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
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- positive
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