Abstract
Klebsiella spp. have been isolated from many different environmental habitats but have main-ly been associated with nosocomial acquired diseases in humans. Although there are many recently published sequenced genomes of members of this genus, there are very few studies on whole ge-nome comparisons between clinical and non-clinical isolates, and it is therefore still an open question if a strain found in nature is capable of infecting humans/animals. K. michiganensis Kd70 was isolated from the intestine of larvae of Diatraea saccharalis but genome analysis revealed multiple genes associated with colonization and growth-promotion in plants suggesting an endophytic life-style. Kd70 cells labeled with gfp confirmed capability of root colonization and soil application of Kd70 promoted growth in greenhouse grown sugarcane. Further genomic analysis showed that the Kd70 genome harbored fewer mammalian virulence factors and no pathogen island-like regions when compared to clinical isolates of this species, suggesting atten-uated animal/human pathogenicity. This postulation was corroborated by in vivo experiments in which it was demonstrated that Kd70 was unable to infect the mouse urinary tract. This is to the best of our knowledge the first experimental example of a member of a pathogenic Klebsiella spp. unable to infect a mammalian organism. A proteomic comparison deduced from the genomic sequence between Kd70 and several other K. michiganensis strains showed a high similarity with isolates from many different environments including clinical strains, and demonstrated the existence of conserved genetic lineages within this species harboring members from different ecological niches and geographical locations. Furthermore, most genetic differences were found to be associated with genomic islands of clinical isolates, suggesting that evolutionary adaptation of animal pathogenicity to a large extent has depended on horizontal gene transfer. In conclusion our results demonstrate the importance of conducting thorough in vivo pathogenicity studies before presupposing animal/human virulence of non-clinical bacterial isolates.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Kd70 cells labeled with gfp confirmed the capability of root colonization in sugarcane.
Verbatim
e0“Kd70 cells labeled with gfp confirmed capability of root colonization”
e2“soil application of Kd70 promoted growth in greenhouse grown sugarcane”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil application of Kd70 promoted growth of greenhouse-grown sugarcane.
- Taxon
- sugarcanee2
- Treatment
- soil application of Kd70e2
- Interactor
- Kd70e2symbiont
- Outcome
- growthe2
- Direction
- promotede2
- Setting
- greenhousee2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e2“soil application of Kd70 promoted growth in greenhouse grown sugarcane”
Claim · model-written summary
Kd70 genome harbored fewer mammalian virulence factors than clinical isolates of the species.
Verbatim
e1“Further genomic analysis showed that the Kd70 genome harbored fewer mammalian virulence factors and no pathogen island-like regions when compared to clinical isolates of this species”
e2“soil application of Kd70 promoted growth in greenhouse grown sugarcane”
Claim · model-written summary
Kd70 genome lacked pathogen island-like regions compared with clinical isolates of the species.
- Taxon
- sugarcanee2
- Outcome
- pathogen island-like regionse1
- Qualifier
- no pathogen island-like regionse1
- Comparator
- clinical isolatese1
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e1“Further genomic analysis showed that the Kd70 genome harbored fewer mammalian virulence factors and no pathogen island-like regions when compared to clinical isolates of this species”
e2“soil application of Kd70 promoted growth in greenhouse grown sugarcane”
Claim · model-written summary
Kd70 was unable to infect the mouse urinary tract.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e2“soil application of Kd70 promoted growth in greenhouse grown sugarcane”
e3“it was demonstrated that Kd70 was unable to infect the mouse urinary tract”
Claim · model-written summary
The proteome of Kd70 showed high similarity with other K. michiganensis strains, including clinical strains.
Verbatim
e2“soil application of Kd70 promoted growth in greenhouse grown sugarcane”
e4“A proteomic comparison deduced from the genomic sequence between Kd70 and several other K. michiganensis strains showed a high similarity with isolates from many different environments including clinical strains”
Claim · model-written summary
Conserved genetic lineages exist within K. michiganensis, with members from different ecological niches and geographical locations.
Verbatim
e2“soil application of Kd70 promoted growth in greenhouse grown sugarcane”
e5“demonstrated the existence of conserved genetic lineages within this species harboring members from different ecological niches and geographical locations”
Claim · model-written summary
Most genetic differences between K. michiganensis strains are associated with genomic islands of clinical isolates.
Verbatim
e2“soil application of Kd70 promoted growth in greenhouse grown sugarcane”
e6“most genetic differences were found to be associated with genomic islands of clinical isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Evolutionary adaptation of animal pathogenicity is suggested to have depended on horizontal gene transfer.
Verbatim
e2“soil application of Kd70 promoted growth in greenhouse grown sugarcane”
e6“suggesting that evolutionary adaptation of animal pathogenicity to a large extent has depended on horizontal gene transfer”
Claim · model-written summary
Thorough in vivo pathogenicity studies are important before presupposing animal or human virulence of non-clinical bacterial isolates.
Verbatim
e2“soil application of Kd70 promoted growth in greenhouse grown sugarcane”
e7“our results demonstrate the importance of conducting thorough in vivo pathogenicity studies before presupposing animal/human virulence of non-clinical bacterial isolates”
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