Abstract
ABSTRACT: Using an adjuvant to optimize and increase the foliar activity of post emergence herbicides is an acceptable way to reduce their side effects. Field researches were conducted to detect a suitable adjuvant for two post-herbicides namely, isoproturon+tribenuron and pyroxsulam against little seed canary grass (Phalaris minor) and field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis). Treatments were, isoproturon+tribenuron at 1,025 g a.i. ha-1 (recommended dose) and pyroxsulam at 140.6 g a.i. ha-1 (recommended dose) alone or their reduced dose (75% of the recommended dose) isoproturon+tribenuron at 769 and pyroxsulam at 105.5 g a.i. ha-1, tank mixed with three different adjuvants viz. alkylethersulphate sodium salt at 400, fatty alcohol ethoxylate at 200 and sunflower oil at 1,000 mL ha-1. These treatments were applied at the two to three leaf stages of weeds. All the adjuvants enhanced the efficacy of herbicides; however, maximum herbicide efficacy against P. minor (93.50-97.66%) and C. arvensis (82-100%) was achieved with the application of isoproturon+tribenuron plus alkylethersulphate sodium salt, showing the lowest total weed dry weight (1.48, 0.88 g m-2). The maximum NPK-uptake was associated to the untreated control. Nutrient saving (55-95% N, 43-92% P, 55-95% K) was enhanced by the addition of all adjuvants to herbicides, with better weed control. The maximum yield (41 - 43% increase over weedy check) and yield attributes were recorded with reduced rates of isoproturon+tribenuron plus alkylethersulphate sodium salt, followed by the recommended rate of the same herbicide applied alone. In contrast, sunflower oil with pyroxsulam exerted greater control of little seed canary grass and field bindweed with more yield and yield related traits than alkylethersulphate sodium salt and fatty alcohol ethoxylate with pyroxsulam. These results demonstrated the improvement in the performance of reduced rates of isoproturon+tribenuron with the inclusion of alkylethersulphate sodium salt, with a dose higher than or equal to the recommended dose of the same herbicide, and this is the most cost-effective combination.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
All adjuvants enhanced nutrient saving of 55-95% N.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- all adjuvantse4
- Outcome
- Nutrient savinge4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Value
- 55-95% Ne4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in Wheat”
e4“Nutrient saving (55-95% N, 43-92% P, 55-95% K) was enhanced by the addition of all adjuvants to herbicides”
Claim · model-written summary
All adjuvants enhanced nutrient saving of 43-92% P.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- all adjuvantse4
- Outcome
- Nutrient savinge4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Value
- 43-92% Pe4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in Wheat”
e4“Nutrient saving (55-95% N, 43-92% P, 55-95% K) was enhanced by the addition of all adjuvants to herbicides”
Claim · model-written summary
All adjuvants enhanced nutrient saving of 55-95% K.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- all adjuvantse4
- Outcome
- Nutrient savinge4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Value
- 55-95% Ke4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in Wheat”
e4“Nutrient saving (55-95% N, 43-92% P, 55-95% K) was enhanced by the addition of all adjuvants to herbicides”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunflower oil with pyroxsulam gave greater control of little seed canary grass and field bindweed than alkylethersulphate or fatty alcohol ethoxylate with pyroxsulam.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- sunflower oil with pyroxsulame6
- Interactor
- little seed canary grass
.jpg?width=60)
Phalaris minore6weed - Second interactor
- field bindweede6weed
- Outcome
- control of little seed canary grass and field bindweede6
- Direction
- greatere6
- Comparator
- alkylethersulphate sodium salt and fatty alcohol ethoxylate with pyroxsulame6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“in Wheat”
e6“sunflower oil with pyroxsulam exerted greater control of little seed canary grass and field bindweed with more yield and yield related traits than alkylethersulphate sodium salt and fatty alcohol ethoxylate with pyroxsulam”
Claim · model-written summary
All adjuvants enhanced the efficacy of the herbicides.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- All the adjuvantse5
- Outcome
- efficacy of herbicidese5
- Direction
- enhancede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in Wheat”
e5“All the adjuvants enhanced the efficacy of herbicides”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced rates of isoproturon+tribenuron with alkylethersulphate sodium salt are the most cost-effective combination.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- most cost-effective combinatione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in Wheat”
e7“this is the most cost-effective combination”
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adjuvant · nutrient: content · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.