Abstract
Abstract An innovative planting technique for pomegranate ( Punica granatum L.) cv. Bhagwa in gravelly, shallow soils was standardized. Trapezoidal pits were dug in skeletal soils and filled with various types of soils, namely, gravelly, loamy, clayey, clayey mixed with sand and weathered rock. The clayey soil had the highest capacity to supply macronutrients (available N: 376.1, P: 47.1 and K: 761.6 kg/ha), and the loamy soil had the highest capacity to supply micronutrients (available Fe: 19.2, Cu: 8.1 and Zn: 1.83 ppm). The highest Mn (41.2 ppm), Zn (22.4 ppm), Cu (80.1 ppm) and chlorophyll (61.8) contents were observed in the leaves of plants grown in loamy soil. The highest number of hermaphrodite flowers was observed in loamy soil. Higher fruit quality in terms of higher juice content (49.3%), total soluble solids ( TSS ) in fruit juice (15.7°B) and TSS :acid ratio (37.8) was produced in light‐textured soil. The highest fruit yield (4.28 t/ha) and cost‐benefit ratio (3.85) were obtained in clayey soil up to 0.60 m depth. This produced a 90.2% increase in yield, while total income was 147.4% higher than that obtained with weathered rock. However, when the pits were filled with clayey soils up to 1.20 m depth, disease prevalence increased, and yield was markedly reduced, to 2.25 t/ha. Thus, it may be concluded that skeletal soils could be used for pomegranate cultivation by refilling rhizosphere soil strata with clayey or loamy soil material up to 0.60 m depth.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Clayey soil supplied the highest available N, P and K.
- Taxon
- pomegranate
Punica granatumt0 - Treatment
- clayey soile0
- Outcome
- capacity to supply macronutrientse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 376.1, P: 47.1 and K: 761.6 kg/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The clayey soil had the highest capacity to supply macronutrients (available N: 376.1, P: 47.1 and K: 761.6 kg/ha)”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
Loamy soil supplied the highest available Fe, Cu and Zn.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- loamy soile0
- Outcome
- capacity to supply micronutrientse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 19.2, Cu: 8.1 and Zn: 1.83 ppme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the loamy soil had the highest capacity to supply micronutrients (available Fe: 19.2, Cu: 8.1 and Zn: 1.83 ppm)”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
Loamy soil produced the highest leaf Mn content.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- loamy soile0
- Outcome
- Mne0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 41.2 ppme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest Mn (41.2 ppm), Zn (22.4 ppm), Cu (80.1 ppm) and chlorophyll (61.8) contents were observed in the leaves of plants grown in loamy soil”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
Loamy soil produced the highest leaf Zn content.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- loamy soile0
- Outcome
- Zne0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 22.4 ppme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest Mn (41.2 ppm), Zn (22.4 ppm), Cu (80.1 ppm) and chlorophyll (61.8) contents were observed in the leaves of plants grown in loamy soil”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
Loamy soil produced the highest leaf Cu content.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- loamy soile0
- Outcome
- Cue0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 80.1 ppme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest Mn (41.2 ppm), Zn (22.4 ppm), Cu (80.1 ppm) and chlorophyll (61.8) contents were observed in the leaves of plants grown in loamy soil”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
Loamy soil produced the highest leaf chlorophyll content.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- loamy soile0
- Outcome
- chlorophylle0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 61.8e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest Mn (41.2 ppm), Zn (22.4 ppm), Cu (80.1 ppm) and chlorophyll (61.8) contents were observed in the leaves of plants grown in loamy soil”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
Loamy soil yielded the highest number of hermaphrodite flowers.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- loamy soile0
- Outcome
- number of hermaphrodite flowerse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest number of hermaphrodite flowers was observed in loamy soil”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
Light-textured soil increased fruit juice content to 49.3%.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- light‐textured soile0
- Outcome
- juice contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 49.3%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher fruit quality in terms of higher juice content (49.3%), total soluble solids ( TSS ) in fruit juice (15.7°B) and TSS :acid ratio (37.8) was produced in light‐textured soil”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
Light-textured soil increased juice soluble solids to 15.7°B.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- light‐textured soile0
- Outcome
- total soluble solids ( TSS ) in fruit juicee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 15.7°Be0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher fruit quality in terms of higher juice content (49.3%), total soluble solids ( TSS ) in fruit juice (15.7°B) and TSS :acid ratio (37.8) was produced in light‐textured soil”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
Light-textured soil increased the TSS:acid ratio to 37.8.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- light‐textured soile0
- Outcome
- TSS :acid ratioe0
- Direction
- Highere0
- Value
- 37.8e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher fruit quality in terms of higher juice content (49.3%), total soluble solids ( TSS ) in fruit juice (15.7°B) and TSS :acid ratio (37.8) was produced in light‐textured soil”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
Clayey soil to 0.60 m produced the highest fruit yield of 4.28 t/ha.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- clayey soil up to 0.60 m depthe0
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 4.28 t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest fruit yield (4.28 t/ha) and cost‐benefit ratio (3.85) were obtained in clayey soil up to 0.60 m depth”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
Clayey soil to 0.60 m produced the highest cost-benefit ratio of 3.85.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- clayey soil up to 0.60 m depthe0
- Outcome
- cost‐benefit ratioe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3.85e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest fruit yield (4.28 t/ha) and cost‐benefit ratio (3.85) were obtained in clayey soil up to 0.60 m depth”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
Clayey soil increased yield by 90.2% compared with weathered rock.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- clayey soile0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 90.2%e0
- Comparator
- weathered rocke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest fruit yield (4.28 t/ha) and cost‐benefit ratio (3.85) were obtained in clayey soil up to 0.60 m depth. This produced a 90.2% increase in yield, while total income was 147.4% higher than that obtained with weathered rock”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
Clayey soil raised total income by 147.4% over weathered rock.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- clayey soile0
- Outcome
- total incomee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 147.4%e0
- Comparator
- weathered rocke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest fruit yield (4.28 t/ha) and cost‐benefit ratio (3.85) were obtained in clayey soil up to 0.60 m depth. This produced a 90.2% increase in yield, while total income was 147.4% higher than that obtained with weathered rock”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
Clayey soil to 1.20 m increased disease prevalence.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- clayey soils up to 1.20 m depthe0
- Outcome
- disease prevalencee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“when the pits were filled with clayey soils up to 1.20 m depth, disease prevalence increased”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
Clayey soil to 1.20 m reduced yield to 2.25 t/ha.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- clayey soils up to 1.20 m depthe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 2.25 t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“when the pits were filled with clayey soils up to 1.20 m depth, disease prevalence increased, and yield was markedly reduced, to 2.25 t/ha”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend refilling skeletal soils with clayey or loamy soil to 0.60 m.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Outcome
- refilling rhizosphere soil strata with clayey or loamy soil material up to 0.60 m depthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“skeletal soils could be used for pomegranate cultivation by refilling rhizosphere soil strata with clayey or loamy soil material up to 0.60 m depth”
The same questions in other papers
light · quality: sugar starch · Punica granatum (pomegranate)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
light · molecular: metabolites · Punica granatum (pomegranate)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.