Abstract
The present experiment was conducted during 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 seasons in the Farm of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department in El Kanater El Khairia, Egypt to study the effect of ascorbic acid (AA) and citric acid (CA) individually and in combination on Foeniculum vulgare var. vulgare plants, in order to alleiviate climate change adverse effect by induce early flowering and to stimulate the growth and yield. Ascorbic acid and citric acid were sprayed at two rates 100 and 200 ppm. The following results were recorded: In general, Indian fennel plants were significantly responded to ascorbic and citric acid. Ascorbic acid at 100 and 200 ppm and citric acid at 200ppm increased the vegetative growth (plant height and number of branches/plant), number of umbels/plant, fruit yield/plant and essential oil production. Ascorbic and Citric acid each of them at 100 and 200 ppm decreased the time to flowering, this means that, the antioxidant ascorbic and citric acid stimulating fennel growth, shortening the juvenility stage and induce early flowering. The treated plants by the combination of ascorbic and citric acid at 200ppm gave the highest vegetative growth (plant height and number of branches/plant), number of umbels/plant, fruit yield/plant, essential oil production and accelerating flowering by 27 days in the 1st season and 22 day in the 2nd one in comparison with control. Ascorbic acid at 200 ppm plus CA at 200 ppm gave the highest anethole content and the lowest fenchone. Ascorbic acid at 200ppm with CA at 200 ppm produced the least time to flowering. The application of the combination of ascorbic and citric acid at the highest rate 200ppm had a promotion effect in growth traits and inducing early flowering, therefore accelerating fruiting of fennel plants before the sharp fluctuations of climate that occurred in the spring which in turn had a bad effect in fruiting of umbelliferous plants.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Indian fennel responded significantly to ascorbic and citric acid.
- Taxon
- fennel
_-_Parc_Natural_de_s'Albufera%2C_Spain_2022-04-18_(02).jpg?width=60)
Anethum foeniculume0 - Treatment
- ascorbic and citric acide0
- Outcome
- respondede0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_-_Parc_Natural_de_s'Albufera%2C_Spain_2022-04-18_(02).jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Indian fennel plants were significantly responded to ascorbic and citric acid”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic acid at 100 ppm increased fennel height, branches, umbels, fruit yield and essential oil production.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- Ascorbic acid at 100e0
- Outcome
- plant height and number of branches/plante0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FENNEL”
e0“Ascorbic acid at 100 and 200 ppm and citric acid at 200ppm increased the vegetative growth (plant height and number of branches/plant), number of umbels/plant, fruit yield/plant and essential oil production”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic acid at 200 ppm increased fennel height, branches, umbels, fruit yield and essential oil production.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- Ascorbic acid at 100 and 200 ppme0
- Outcome
- number of umbels/plant, fruit yield/plant and essential oil productione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FENNEL”
e0“Ascorbic acid at 100 and 200 ppm and citric acid at 200ppm increased the vegetative growth (plant height and number of branches/plant), number of umbels/plant, fruit yield/plant and essential oil production”
Claim · model-written summary
Citric acid at 200 ppm increased fennel growth, umbels, fruit yield and essential oil production.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- citric acid at 200ppme0
- Outcome
- vegetative growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FENNEL”
e0“citric acid at 200ppm increased the vegetative growth (plant height and number of branches/plant), number of umbels/plant, fruit yield/plant and essential oil production”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic acid at 100 ppm decreased time to flowering.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- Ascorbice0
- Outcome
- time to floweringe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FENNEL”
e0“Ascorbic and Citric acid each of them at 100 and 200 ppm decreased the time to flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic acid at 200 ppm decreased time to flowering.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- Ascorbice0
- Outcome
- time to floweringe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FENNEL”
e0“Ascorbic and Citric acid each of them at 100 and 200 ppm decreased the time to flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
Citric acid at 100 ppm decreased time to flowering.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- Citric acide0
- Outcome
- time to floweringe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FENNEL”
e0“Ascorbic and Citric acid each of them at 100 and 200 ppm decreased the time to flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
Citric acid at 200 ppm decreased time to flowering.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- Citric acide0
- Outcome
- time to floweringe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FENNEL”
e0“Ascorbic and Citric acid each of them at 100 and 200 ppm decreased the time to flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined ascorbic and citric acid at 200 ppm gave the highest fennel vegetative growth and umbel number compared with control.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- combination of ascorbic and citric acid at 200ppme0
- Outcome
- vegetative growthe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FENNEL”
e0“The treated plants by the combination of ascorbic and citric acid at 200ppm gave the highest vegetative growth (plant height and number of branches/plant), number of umbels/plant, fruit yield/plant, essential oil production and accelerating flowering by 27 days in the 1st season and 22 day in the 2nd one in comparison with control”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined 200 ppm treatment gave the highest fruit yield and essential oil production compared with control.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- combination of ascorbic and citric acid at 200ppme0
- Outcome
- fruit yield/plant, essential oil productione0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FENNEL”
e0“The treated plants by the combination of ascorbic and citric acid at 200ppm gave the highest vegetative growth (plant height and number of branches/plant), number of umbels/plant, fruit yield/plant, essential oil production and accelerating flowering by 27 days in the 1st season and 22 day in the 2nd one in comparison with control”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined 200 ppm treatment accelerated flowering by 27 days in the first season versus control.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- combination of ascorbic and citric acid at 200ppme1
- Outcome
- floweringe0
- Direction
- acceleratinge0
- Value
- 27 dayse0
- Qualifier
- 1st seasone0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FENNEL”
e0“accelerating flowering by 27 days in the 1st season and 22 day in the 2nd one in comparison with control”
e1“combination of ascorbic and citric acid at 200ppm”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined 200 ppm treatment accelerated flowering by 22 days in the second season versus control.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- combination of ascorbic and citric acid at 200ppme1
- Outcome
- floweringe0
- Direction
- acceleratinge0
- Value
- 22 daye0
- Qualifier
- 2nd onee0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FENNEL”
e0“accelerating flowering by 27 days in the 1st season and 22 day in the 2nd one in comparison with control”
e1“combination of ascorbic and citric acid at 200ppm”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic acid 200 ppm plus citric acid 200 ppm produced the highest anethole content.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- Ascorbic acid at 200 ppm plus CA at 200 ppme0
- Outcome
- anethole contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FENNEL”
e0“Ascorbic acid at 200 ppm plus CA at 200 ppm gave the highest anethole content and the lowest fenchone”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic acid 200 ppm plus citric acid 200 ppm produced the lowest fenchone content.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- Ascorbic acid at 200 ppm plus CA at 200 ppme0
- Outcome
- fenchonee0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FENNEL”
e0“Ascorbic acid at 200 ppm plus CA at 200 ppm gave the highest anethole content and the lowest fenchone”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined 200 ppm treatment produced the least time to flowering.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- Ascorbic acid at 200ppm with CA at 200 ppme0
- Outcome
- time to floweringe0
- Direction
- leaste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FENNEL”
e0“Ascorbic acid at 200ppm with CA at 200 ppm produced the least time to flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend the highest-rate combined acid treatment to promote growth and early flowering before spring climate fluctuations.
- Taxon
- FENNELAnethum foeniculumt0
- Treatment
- combination of ascorbic and citric acid at the highest rate 200ppme0
- Outcome
- accelerating fruiting of fennel plants before the sharp fluctuations of climatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“FENNEL”
e0“The application of the combination of ascorbic and citric acid at the highest rate 200ppm had a promotion effect in growth traits and inducing early flowering, therefore accelerating fruiting of fennel plants before the sharp fluctuations of climate”
The same questions in other papers
ascorbic acid · yield · Anethum foeniculum (fennel)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
ascorbic acid · molecular: metabolites · Anethum foeniculum (fennel)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.