Abstract
Harvested fruits are still living organs and respond to environmental stimuli. Low temperature storage is effective in extending life of harvested fruit, but it may also cause chilling injury. Cold acclimation has been shown to induce chilling tolerance in plants, but what proteomic changes caused by cold acclimation are related to defense against chilling stress remains largely unclear. Here, 3 d of pre-storage cold acclimation (PsCA) at 10°C reduced chilling injury and secondary disease severity in cucumber stored at 5°C by 51 and 94%, respectively, compared with the control which was directly stored at 5°C. Proteomic analysis of cucumber peel identified 21 significant differentially-accumulated proteins (SDAPs) right after PsCA treatment and 23 after the following cold storage (PsCA+CS). These proteins are mainly related to stress response and defense (SRD), energy metabolism, protein metabolism, signal transduction, primary metabolism, and transcription. The SRD proteins, which made up 37% of the 21 and 47% of the 23, respectively, represented the largest class of SDAPs, and all but one protein were up-regulated, suggesting accumulation of proteins involved in defense response is central feature of proteomic profile changes brought about by PsCA. In fruit just after PsCA treatment, the identified SDAPs are related to responses to various stresses, including chilling, salt stress, dehydration, fungi, bacteria, insects, and DNA damage. However, after prolonged cold storage, the targeted proteins in acclimated fruit were narrowed down in scope to those involved in defense against chilling and pathogens. The change patterns at the transcription level of the majority of the up-regulated differentially-accumulated proteins were highly consistent with those at protein level. Taken all, the results suggest that the short-time cold acclimation initiated comprehensive defense responses in cucumber fruit at first, while the long term storage thereafter altered the responses more specifically to chilling. These findings add to the understanding of plants' molecular responses to cold acclimation.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-storage cold acclimation reduced cucumber chilling injury by 51% against direct cold storage.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse0 - Treatment
- 3 d of pre-storage cold acclimation (PsCA) at 10°Ce0
- Outcome
- chilling injurye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 51e0
- Comparator
- control which was directly stored at 5°Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“3 d of pre-storage cold acclimation (PsCA) at 10°C reduced chilling injury and secondary disease severity in cucumber stored at 5°C by 51 and 94%, respectively, compared with the control which was directly stored at 5°C”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-storage cold acclimation reduced cucumber secondary disease severity by 94% against direct cold storage.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- 3 d of pre-storage cold acclimation (PsCA) at 10°Ce0
- Outcome
- secondary disease severitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 94%e0
- Comparator
- control which was directly stored at 5°Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“3 d of pre-storage cold acclimation (PsCA) at 10°C reduced chilling injury and secondary disease severity in cucumber stored at 5°C by 51 and 94%, respectively, compared with the control which was directly stored at 5°C”
Claim · model-written summary
Cucumber peel had 21 significant differentially accumulated proteins immediately after acclimation.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Organ / stage
- peele0
- Treatment
- PsCA treatmente0
- Outcome
- differentially-accumulated proteinse0
- Value
- 21e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Proteomic analysis of cucumber peel identified 21 significant differentially-accumulated proteins (SDAPs) right after PsCA treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Cucumber peel had 23 significant differentially accumulated proteins after subsequent cold storage.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse1
- Organ / stage
- peele1
- Treatment
- following cold storage (PsCA+CS)e0
- Outcome
- differentially-accumulated proteinse1
- Value
- 23e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“23 after the following cold storage (PsCA+CS)”
e1“Proteomic analysis of cucumber peel identified 21 significant differentially-accumulated proteins (SDAPs)”
Claim · model-written summary
Stress response and defense proteins formed 37% of the 21 proteins after acclimation.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse1
- Treatment
- PsCA treatmente1
- Outcome
- SRD proteinse0
- Value
- 37%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The SRD proteins, which made up 37% of the 21”
e1“Proteomic analysis of cucumber peel identified 21 significant differentially-accumulated proteins (SDAPs) right after PsCA treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Stress response and defense proteins formed 47% of the 23 proteins after cold storage.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse1
- Treatment
- following cold storage (PsCA+CS)e1
- Outcome
- SDAPse1
- Value
- 47%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“47% of the 23”
e1“Proteomic analysis of cucumber peel identified 21 significant differentially-accumulated proteins (SDAPs) right after PsCA treatment and 23 after the following cold storage (PsCA+CS)”
Claim · model-written summary
All but one stress response and defense protein was upregulated.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse2
- Outcome
- SRD proteinse1
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
- Qualifier
- all but one proteine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all but one protein were up-regulated”
e1“The SRD proteins, which made up 37% of the 21 and 47% of the 23, respectively, represented the largest class of SDAPs”
e2“Proteomic analysis of cucumber peel”
Claim · model-written summary
After acclimation, differential proteins concerned responses to chilling, salt, dehydration, pathogens, insects and DNA damage.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse1
- Outcome
- identified SDAPse0
- Qualifier
- chilling, salt stress, dehydration, fungi, bacteria, insects, and DNA damagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In fruit just after PsCA treatment, the identified SDAPs are related to responses to various stresses, including chilling, salt stress, dehydration, fungi, bacteria, insects, and DNA damage”
e1“Proteomic analysis of cucumber peel”
Claim · model-written summary
After prolonged cold storage, targeted proteins narrowed to chilling and pathogen defense.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse1
- Outcome
- targeted proteinse0
- Direction
- narrowed downe0
- Qualifier
- defense against chilling and pathogense0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“after prolonged cold storage, the targeted proteins in acclimated fruit were narrowed down in scope to those involved in defense against chilling and pathogens”
e1“Proteomic analysis of cucumber peel”
Claim · model-written summary
Transcriptional change patterns were highly consistent with protein changes for most upregulated proteins.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse1
- Outcome
- change patterns at the transcription levele0
- Comparator
- those at protein levele0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The change patterns at the transcription level of the majority of the up-regulated differentially-accumulated proteins were highly consistent with those at protein level”
e1“Proteomic analysis of cucumber peel”
The same questions in other papers
cold · crop injury · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Results differ
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- negative
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See all 8 papers →cold · disease · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.