Abstract
Seedless cucumber ( Cucumis sativus ) is a popular and high-value crop found in many local food markets. Worldwide, it is the third most important high tunnel crop after tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) and pepper ( Capsicum annuum ). One challenge of growing seedless cucumbers in high tunnels is low soil temperatures in the early season that suppress plant growth even when air temperatures would be adequate. Grafting cucumbers to enhance crop tolerance to suboptimal temperature stresses has been widely used in Asian countries. However, little information is available in the United States about graft compatibility, cold hardiness, and seasonal extension potential of growing grafted seedless cucumbers in high tunnels. In this study, we tested the effects of grafting with two winter squash ( Cucurbita moschata ) rootstocks (‘Titan’ and ‘Marvel’) on vegetative growth and yield of three seedless cucumbers (‘Excelsior’ pickling cucumber, ‘Socrates’ Beit Alpha cucumber, and ‘Taurus’ long-type cucumber) in the spring seasons of 2016 and 2017 in high tunnels located in U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) hardiness zone 6. Nongrafted plants were included as controls. All grafted plants survived the suboptimal temperature stress during transplant period, whereas 59% of nongrafted plants died in the 2016 season. Irrespective of rootstock and cucumber cultivar, vine growth rates of nongrafted cucumbers in April of both years were lower than those of the grafted crops. Cucumber cultivars Excelsior and Taurus grafted onto Marvel winter squash rootstock had higher yields in May 2016 compared with the yields of the nongrafted plants in the same month. The enhanced early-season yields of grafted plants were observed on cucumber cultivars Excelsior and Socrates in 2017 regardless of rootstocks. Grafting also increased the entire season’s yields of the three cucumber cultivars in 2017, but not in 2016. More comprehensive evaluations about cold tolerances of newly released cucumber rootstocks are needed. Further studies are also warranted to improve our understanding of effects of rootstock and scion interactions on cucumber growth and yield in high tunnel production.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Nongrafted seedless cucumber plants died at 59% in the 2016 season after suboptimal temperature stress during transplant period.
- Taxon
- Seedless cucumbere0
- Treatment
- suboptimal temperature stresse1
- Outcome
- nongrafted plants diede1
- Value
- 59%e1
- Comparator
- grafted plantse1
- Setting
- 2016 seasone1
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Seedless cucumber ( Cucumis sativus ) is a popular and high-value crop”
e1“All grafted plants survived the suboptimal temperature stress during transplant period, whereas 59% of nongrafted plants died in the 2016 season”
Claim · model-written summary
All grafted seedless cucumber plants survived suboptimal temperature stress during transplant period.
- Taxon
- Seedless cucumbere0
- Treatment
- suboptimal temperature stresse1
- Outcome
- grafted plants survivede1
- Comparator
- nongrafted plantse1
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Seedless cucumber ( Cucumis sativus ) is a popular and high-value crop”
e1“All grafted plants survived the suboptimal temperature stress during transplant period, whereas 59% of nongrafted plants died in the 2016 season”
Claim · model-written summary
Vine growth rates of nongrafted cucumbers in April of both years were lower than those of grafted crops, irrespective of rootstock and cultivar.
- Taxon
- cucumbers
Cucumis sativuse2 - Treatment
- nongraftede2
- Outcome
- vine growth ratese2
- Direction
- lowere2
- Comparator
- grafted cropse2
- Setting
- April of both yearse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“vine growth rates of nongrafted cucumbers in April of both years were lower than those of the grafted crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Excelsior cucumber grafted onto Marvel winter squash rootstock had higher yields in May 2016 than nongrafted plants.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativuse3
- Material
- Excelsiore3
- Treatment
- grafted onto Marvel winter squash rootstocke3
- Outcome
- yieldse3
- Direction
- highere3
- Comparator
- nongrafted plantse3
- Setting
- May 2016e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Cucumber cultivars Excelsior and Taurus grafted onto Marvel winter squash rootstock had higher yields in May 2016 compared with the yields of the nongrafted plants in the same month”
Claim · model-written summary
Taurus cucumber grafted onto Marvel winter squash rootstock had higher yields in May 2016 than nongrafted plants.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativuse3
- Material
- Tauruse3
- Treatment
- grafted onto Marvel winter squash rootstocke3
- Outcome
- yieldse3
- Direction
- highere3
- Comparator
- nongrafted plantse3
- Setting
- May 2016e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Cucumber cultivars Excelsior and Taurus grafted onto Marvel winter squash rootstock had higher yields in May 2016 compared with the yields of the nongrafted plants in the same month”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafted Excelsior cucumber had enhanced early-season yields in 2017 regardless of rootstock, compared with nongrafted controls.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse4
- Material
- Excelsiore4
- Treatment
- grafted plantse4
- Outcome
- early-season yieldse4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Qualifier
- regardless of rootstockse4
- Comparator
- Nongrafted plantse6
- Setting
- 2017e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The enhanced early-season yields of grafted plants were observed on cucumber cultivars Excelsior and Socrates in 2017 regardless of rootstocks”
e6“Nongrafted plants were included as controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafted Socrates cucumber had enhanced early-season yields in 2017 regardless of rootstock, compared with nongrafted controls.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse4
- Material
- Socratese4
- Treatment
- grafted plantse4
- Outcome
- early-season yieldse4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Qualifier
- regardless of rootstockse4
- Comparator
- Nongrafted plantse6
- Setting
- 2017e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The enhanced early-season yields of grafted plants were observed on cucumber cultivars Excelsior and Socrates in 2017 regardless of rootstocks”
e6“Nongrafted plants were included as controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting increased the entire-season yields of Excelsior cucumber in 2017 compared with nongrafted plants.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse5
- Material
- Excelsiore7
- Treatment
- Graftinge5
- Outcome
- entire season’s yieldse5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Comparator
- Nongrafted plantse6
- Setting
- 2017e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Grafting also increased the entire season’s yields of the three cucumber cultivars in 2017, but not in 2016”
e7“‘Excelsior’ pickling cucumber, ‘Socrates’ Beit Alpha cucumber, and ‘Taurus’ long-type cucumber”
e6“Nongrafted plants were included as controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting increased the entire-season yields of Socrates cucumber in 2017 compared with nongrafted plants.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse5
- Material
- Socratese7
- Treatment
- Graftinge5
- Outcome
- entire season’s yieldse5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Comparator
- Nongrafted plantse6
- Setting
- 2017e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Grafting also increased the entire season’s yields of the three cucumber cultivars in 2017, but not in 2016”
e7“‘Excelsior’ pickling cucumber, ‘Socrates’ Beit Alpha cucumber, and ‘Taurus’ long-type cucumber”
e6“Nongrafted plants were included as controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting increased the entire-season yields of Taurus cucumber in 2017 compared with nongrafted plants.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse5
- Material
- Tauruse7
- Treatment
- Graftinge5
- Outcome
- entire season’s yieldse5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Comparator
- Nongrafted plantse6
- Setting
- 2017e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Grafting also increased the entire season’s yields of the three cucumber cultivars in 2017, but not in 2016”
e7“‘Excelsior’ pickling cucumber, ‘Socrates’ Beit Alpha cucumber, and ‘Taurus’ long-type cucumber”
e6“Nongrafted plants were included as controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting did not increase the entire-season yields of the three cucumber cultivars in 2016.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse5
- Treatment
- Graftinge5
- Outcome
- entire season’s yieldse5
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede5
- Comparator
- Nongrafted plantse6
- Setting
- 2016e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Grafting also increased the entire season’s yields of the three cucumber cultivars in 2017, but not in 2016”
e6“Nongrafted plants were included as controls”
The same questions in other papers
Cucurbita maxima · yield · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
grafting · yield · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Results differ
63 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- negative
68 papers more in this group
See all 72 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.