Abstract
Land plants protect themselves from ultraviolet-B (UV-B) by accumulating UV-absorbing metabolites, which may also function as anti-insect toxins. Previous studies have shown that UV-B enhances the resistance of different plant species to pierce-sucking pests; however, whether and how UV-B influences plant defense against chewing caterpillars are not well understood. Here we show that UV-B treatment increased Spodoptera litura herbivory-induced jasmonic acid (JA) production in Arabidopsis and thereby Arabidopsis exhibited elevated resistance to S. litura. Using mutants impaired in the biosynthesis of JA and the defensive metabolites glucosinolates (GSs), we show that the UV-B-induced resistance to S. litura is dependent on the JA-regulated GSs and an unidentified anti-insect metabolite(s). Similarly, UV-B treatment also enhanced the levels of JA-isoleucine conjugate and defense-related secondary metabolites in tobacco, rice, and maize after these plants were treated with simulated herbivory of lepidopteran insects; consistently, these plants showed elevated resistance to insect larvae. Using transgenic plants impaired in JA biosynthesis or signaling, we further demonstrate that the UV-B-enhanced defense responses also require the JA pathway in tobacco and rice. Our findings reveal a likely conserved JA-dependent mechanism by which UV-B enhances plant defense against lepidopteran insects.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B treatment increased herbivory-induced jasmonic acid production in Arabidopsis after Spodoptera litura herbivory.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise1 - Treatment
- UV-B treatmente1
- Interactor
- Spodoptera litura
Spodoptera liturae1pest - Outcome
- jasmonic acid (JA) productione1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“UV-B treatment increased Spodoptera litura herbivory-induced jasmonic acid (JA) production in Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B treatment elevated Arabidopsis resistance to Spodoptera litura.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Treatment
- UV-B treatmente1
- Interactor
- S. lituraSpodoptera liturae1pest
- Outcome
- resistance to S. liturae1
- Direction
- elevatede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“UV-B treatment increased Spodoptera litura herbivory-induced jasmonic acid (JA) production in Arabidopsis and thereby Arabidopsis exhibited elevated resistance to S. litura”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B-induced resistance to Spodoptera litura depends on JA-regulated glucosinolates and an unidentified anti-insect metabolite in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise2
- Interactor
- S. lituraSpodoptera liturae1pest
- Compound
- glucosinolates (GSs)e1
- Outcome
- UV-B-induced resistance to S. liturae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Using mutants impaired in the biosynthesis of JA and the defensive metabolites glucosinolates (GSs), we show that the UV-B-induced resistance to S. litura is dependent on the JA-regulated GSs and an unidentified anti-insect metabolite(s)”
e2“Here we show that UV-B treatment increased Spodoptera litura herbivory-induced jasmonic acid (JA) production in Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B treatment enhanced jasmonic acid-isoleucine conjugate and defense-related secondary metabolite levels in tobacco after simulated lepidopteran herbivory.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume1 - Treatment
- UV-B treatmente1
- Interactor
- lepidopteran insectse1herbivore
- Outcome
- levels of JA-isoleucine conjugate and defense-related secondary metabolitese1
- Direction
- enhancede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Similarly, UV-B treatment also enhanced the levels of JA-isoleucine conjugate and defense-related secondary metabolites in tobacco, rice, and maize after these plants were treated with simulated herbivory of lepidopteran insects; consistently, these plants showed elevated resistance to insect larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B treatment enhanced jasmonic acid-isoleucine conjugate and defense-related secondary metabolite levels in rice after simulated lepidopteran herbivory.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Treatment
- UV-B treatmente1
- Interactor
- lepidopteran insectse1herbivore
- Outcome
- levels of JA-isoleucine conjugate and defense-related secondary metabolitese1
- Direction
- enhancede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Similarly, UV-B treatment also enhanced the levels of JA-isoleucine conjugate and defense-related secondary metabolites in tobacco, rice, and maize after these plants were treated with simulated herbivory of lepidopteran insects; consistently, these plants showed elevated resistance to insect larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B treatment enhanced jasmonic acid-isoleucine conjugate and defense-related secondary metabolite levels in maize after simulated lepidopteran herbivory.
- Treatment
- UV-B treatmente1
- Interactor
- lepidopteran insectse1herbivore
- Outcome
- levels of JA-isoleucine conjugate and defense-related secondary metabolitese1
- Direction
- enhancede1
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Similarly, UV-B treatment also enhanced the levels of JA-isoleucine conjugate and defense-related secondary metabolites in tobacco, rice, and maize after these plants were treated with simulated herbivory of lepidopteran insects; consistently, these plants showed elevated resistance to insect larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B treatment elevated resistance of tobacco to insect larvae after simulated lepidopteran herbivory.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- UV-B treatmente1
- Interactor
- insect larvaee1herbivore
- Outcome
- resistance to insect larvaee1
- Direction
- elevatede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Similarly, UV-B treatment also enhanced the levels of JA-isoleucine conjugate and defense-related secondary metabolites in tobacco, rice, and maize after these plants were treated with simulated herbivory of lepidopteran insects; consistently, these plants showed elevated resistance to insect larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B treatment elevated resistance of rice to insect larvae after simulated lepidopteran herbivory.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- UV-B treatmente1
- Interactor
- insect larvaee1herbivore
- Outcome
- resistance to insect larvaee1
- Direction
- elevatede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Similarly, UV-B treatment also enhanced the levels of JA-isoleucine conjugate and defense-related secondary metabolites in tobacco, rice, and maize after these plants were treated with simulated herbivory of lepidopteran insects; consistently, these plants showed elevated resistance to insect larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B treatment elevated resistance of maize to insect larvae after simulated lepidopteran herbivory.
- Treatment
- UV-B treatmente1
- Interactor
- insect larvaee1herbivore
- Outcome
- resistance to insect larvaee1
- Direction
- elevatede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Similarly, UV-B treatment also enhanced the levels of JA-isoleucine conjugate and defense-related secondary metabolites in tobacco, rice, and maize after these plants were treated with simulated herbivory of lepidopteran insects; consistently, these plants showed elevated resistance to insect larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
The UV-B-enhanced defense responses in tobacco require the jasmonic acid pathway, shown with transgenic plants impaired in JA biosynthesis or signaling.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Material
- transgenic plants impaired in JA biosynthesis or signalinge1
- Outcome
- UV-B-enhanced defense responsese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Using transgenic plants impaired in JA biosynthesis or signaling, we further demonstrate that the UV-B-enhanced defense responses also require the JA pathway in tobacco and rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The UV-B-enhanced defense responses in rice require the jasmonic acid pathway, shown with transgenic plants impaired in JA biosynthesis or signaling.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Material
- transgenic plants impaired in JA biosynthesis or signalinge1
- Outcome
- UV-B-enhanced defense responsese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Using transgenic plants impaired in JA biosynthesis or signaling, we further demonstrate that the UV-B-enhanced defense responses also require the JA pathway in tobacco and rice”
The same questions in other papers
uv · disease · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
uv · disease · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
uv · disease · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.