Abstract
Chromium (Cr) as a toxic metal is widely used for commercial purposes and its residues have become a potential environmental threat to both human and plant health. Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is one of the candidate plants that can absorb the considerable quantity of toxic metals from the soil. Here, we used two cultivars of B. napus cvs. ZS 758 (metal-tolerant) and Zheda 622 (metal-susceptible) to investigate the phenological attributes, cell ultrastructure, protein kinases (PKs) and molecular transporters (MTs) under the combined treatments of Cr stress and reduced glutathione (GSH). Seeds of these cultivars were grown in vitro at different treatments i.e. 0, 400 µM Cr, and 400 µM Cr + 1 mM GSH in control growth chamber for 6 days. Results had confirmed that Cr significantly reduced the plant length, stem and root, and fresh biomass such as leaf, stem and root. Cr noticeably caused the damages in leaf mesophyll cells. Exogenous application of GSH significantly recovered both phenological and cell structural damages in two cultivars under Cr stress. For the PKs, transcriptomic data advocated that Cr stress alone significantly increased the gene expressions of BnaA08g16610D, BnaCnng19320D, and BnaA08g00390D over that seen in controls (Ck). These genes encoded both nucleic acid and transition metal ion binding proteins, and protein kinase (PKA) and phosphotransferase activities in both cultivars. Similarly, the presence of Cr revealed elite MT genes (BnaA04g26560D, BnaA02g28130D and BnaA02g01980D [novel]) that were responsible for water transmembrane transporter activity. However, GSH in combination with Cr stress significantly up-regulated the genes for PKs (such as BnaCnng69940D [novel] and BnaC08g49360D) that were related to PKA, signal transduction, and oxidoreductase activities. For MTs, BnaC01g29930D and BnaA07g14320D were responsible for secondary active transmembrane transporter and protein transporter activities that were expressed more in GSH treatment than either Ck or Cr-treated cells. In general, it can be concluded that cultivar ZS 758 is more tolerant towards Cr-induced stress than Zheda 622.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium significantly reduces plant, stem and root length.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napust0 - Treatment
- Cre0
- Outcome
- plant length, stem and roote0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Cr significantly reduced the plant length, stem and root, and fresh biomass such as leaf, stem and root.”
t0“Brassica napus L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium significantly reduces leaf, stem and root fresh biomass.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- Cre0
- Outcome
- fresh biomass such as leaf, stem and roote0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cr significantly reduced the plant length, stem and root, and fresh biomass such as leaf, stem and root.”
t0“Brassica napus L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium causes leaf mesophyll cell damage.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- Cre0
- Outcome
- damages in leaf mesophyll cellse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cr noticeably caused the damages in leaf mesophyll cells.”
t0“Brassica napus L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous GSH significantly recovers phenological and cell structural damage in both cultivars under chromium stress.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- Exogenous application of GSHe0
- Outcome
- phenological and cell structural damagese0
- Direction
- recoverede0
- Qualifier
- under Cr stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous application of GSH significantly recovered both phenological and cell structural damages in two cultivars under Cr stress.”
t0“Brassica napus L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium alone significantly increases expression of BnaA08g16610D, BnaCnng19320D and BnaA08g00390D relative to controls.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- Cr stress alonee0
- Gene
- BnaA08g16610D, BnaCnng19320D, and BnaA08g00390De0
- Outcome
- gene expressionse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- controls (Ck)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cr stress alone significantly increased the gene expressions of BnaA08g16610D, BnaCnng19320D, and BnaA08g00390D over that seen in controls (Ck).”
t0“Brassica napus L.”
Claim · model-written summary
The chromium-responsive genes encode nucleic acid and transition metal ion binding proteins and kinase and phosphotransferase activities.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Outcome
- nucleic acid and transition metal ion binding proteinse0
- Qualifier
- protein kinase (PKA) and phosphotransferase activitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These genes encoded both nucleic acid and transition metal ion binding proteins, and protein kinase (PKA) and phosphotransferase activities in both cultivars.”
t0“Brassica napus L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium reveals BnaA04g26560D, BnaA02g28130D and novel BnaA02g01980D associated with water transmembrane transport.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- Cre0
- Gene
- BnaA04g26560D, BnaA02g28130D and BnaA02g01980De0
- Outcome
- water transmembrane transporter activitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the presence of Cr revealed elite MT genes (BnaA04g26560D, BnaA02g28130D and BnaA02g01980D [novel]) that were responsible for water transmembrane transporter activity.”
t0“Brassica napus L.”
Claim · model-written summary
GSH combined with chromium significantly upregulates PK genes including novel BnaCnng69940D and BnaC08g49360D related to PKA, signal transduction and oxidoreductase activities.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- GSH in combination with Cr stresse0
- Outcome
- genes for PKse0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
- Qualifier
- related to PKA, signal transduction, and oxidoreductase activitiese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GSH in combination with Cr stress significantly up-regulated the genes for PKs (such as BnaCnng69940D [novel] and BnaC08g49360D) that were related to PKA, signal transduction, and oxidoreductase activities.”
t0“Brassica napus L.”
Claim · model-written summary
BnaC01g29930D and BnaA07g14320D are expressed more with GSH than controls or chromium and are responsible for secondary active transmembrane and protein transport.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Treatment
- GSH treatmente0
- Gene
- BnaC01g29930D and BnaA07g14320De0
- Outcome
- secondary active transmembrane transporter and protein transporter activitiese0
- Direction
- expressed moree0
- Comparator
- Ck or Cr-treated cellse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BnaC01g29930D and BnaA07g14320D were responsible for secondary active transmembrane transporter and protein transporter activities that were expressed more in GSH treatment than either Ck or Cr-treated cells.”
t0“Brassica napus L.”
Claim · model-written summary
ZS 758 is more tolerant to chromium stress than Zheda 622.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L.Brassica napust0
- Material
- ZS 758e0
- Outcome
- tolerant towards Cr-induced stresse0
- Direction
- more tolerante0
- Comparator
- Zheda 622e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cultivar ZS 758 is more tolerant towards Cr-induced stress than Zheda 622.”
t0“Brassica napus L.”
The same questions in other papers
chromium atom · growth · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.