Abstract
Seed treatment with biological control agents were found successful in prevention of fungal diseases of crop plants. In the present study, efficacy of microbial antagonists viz., Aspergillus flavus Link, Paecilomyces variotii Bainier, Trichoderma viride Pers., Rhizobium meliloti Dangeard and Bacillus subtilis Ferdinand Cohn was evaluated for their effect on plant growth promotion and against Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid., the cause of root rot of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.). In dual culture assays, all antagonists inhibited the growth of M. phaseolina. Rhizobium meliloti and Bacillus subtilis showed maximum inhibition in the growth of M. phaseolina. Seed treatments with tested antagonists in blotting paper, test tube and pot experiments, did not show any detrimental effect on germination of sunflower seeds. On the other hand, in all the experiments seeds coating with antagonists proved effective in protecting sunflower seeds from root rot and significantly increased in root length and vigor index.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
All five tested antagonists inhibited M. phaseolina growth in dual culture.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuuse1 - Interactor
- M. phaseolina
Macrophomina phaseolinae0pathogen - Outcome
- growth of M. phaseolinae0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In dual culture assays, all antagonists inhibited the growth of M. phaseolina”
e1“root rot of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobium meliloti produced maximum inhibition of M. phaseolina growth.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse1
- Interactor
- M. phaseolinaMacrophomina phaseolinae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Rhizobium meliloti
Sinorhizobium melilotie0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- growth of M. phaseolinae0
- Direction
- maximum inhibitione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rhizobium meliloti and Bacillus subtilis showed maximum inhibition in the growth of M. phaseolina”
e1“root rot of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus subtilis produced maximum inhibition of M. phaseolina growth.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse1
- Interactor
- M. phaseolinaMacrophomina phaseolinae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Bacillus subtilis
Bacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- growth of M. phaseolinae0
- Direction
- maximum inhibitione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rhizobium meliloti and Bacillus subtilis showed maximum inhibition in the growth of M. phaseolina”
e1“root rot of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Antagonist seed treatments showed no detrimental effect on sunflower germination.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- Seed treatments with tested antagonistse0
- Outcome
- germination of sunflower seedse0
- Direction
- did not show any detrimental effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed treatments with tested antagonists in blotting paper, test tube and pot experiments, did not show any detrimental effect on germination of sunflower seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Antagonist seed coatings protected sunflower seeds from root rot.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- seeds coating with antagonistse0
- Outcome
- sunflower seeds from root rote0
- Direction
- protectinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seeds coating with antagonists proved effective in protecting sunflower seeds from root rot”
Claim · model-written summary
Antagonist seed coatings significantly increased sunflower root length and vigor index.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- seeds coating with antagonistse0
- Outcome
- root length and vigor indexe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seeds coating with antagonists proved effective in protecting sunflower seeds from root rot and significantly increased in root length and vigor index”
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