Abstract
Core Ideas Corn residue removal and cover crop effects on soybeans were measured. Treatments had no effects in years with average temperature and precipitation. Residue removal reduced soybean yield in years characterized by drought. Cover crops also reduced soybean yield in years characterized by drought. Residue management and cover crops are important cropping system components. Maize ( Zea mays L.) residue removal and cover crop effects on soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed moisture at harvest, grain yield, and seed mineral concentrations were examined. Maize residue removal treatments [low‐residue removal (LRR) (grain harvest only), medium‐residue removal (MRR) (stalks chopped and baled after grain harvest), and high‐residue removal (HRR) (stalks cut and removed as silage)] under no‐till maize/soybean rotations were established near Brookings, SD, in 2000. Subplot treatments, begun in 2005, were the absence or presence of the cover crops fall‐planted slender wheatgrass [ Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners] in maize and hairy vetch [ Vicia villosa (Roth)] plus oats ( Avena sativa L.) in soybean. Soybean data from 2009 through 2012 were evaluated. Across years and cover crops, LRR maintained 3587 ± 280 kg ha −1 preseason maize residue, MRR had 2269 ± 227 kg ha −1 , and HRR had 1414 ± 172 kg ha −1 . Grain moisture was greater ( P = 0.03) in LRR (119.6 ± 1.8 g kg −1 ) than MRR (114.0 ± 1.4 g kg −1 ) or HRR (114.7 ± 1.5 g kg −1 ). Grain N was less ( P = 0.04) under LRR (62.4 ± 0.5 g kg −1 ) than MRR (63.4 ± 0.6 g kg −1 ) or HRR (63.8 ± 0.5 g kg −1 ). Only during 2012, which had a warm and very dry summer, did MRR (3294 ± 88 kg ha −1 ) or HRR (3363 ± 141 kg ha −1 ) have less grain yield than LRR (3766 ± 145 kg ha −1 ). Cover crops reduced yield in 2012 (3233 ± 78 kg ha −1 with cover crops; 3716 ± 102 kg ha −1 without). Maize residue removal or cover crop cultivation reduced yield only during a growing season with a warm and very dry summer.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Low residue removal retained 3587 ± 280 kg ha −1 preseason maize residue.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- LRRe0
- Outcome
- preseason maize residuee0
- Value
- 3587 ± 280 kg ha −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LRR maintained 3587 ± 280 kg ha −1 preseason maize residue”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium residue removal left 2269 ± 227 kg ha −1 preseason maize residue.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- MRRe0
- Outcome
- preseason maize residuee2
- Value
- 2269 ± 227 kg ha −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MRR had 2269 ± 227 kg ha −1”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e2“preseason maize residue”
Claim · model-written summary
High residue removal left 1414 ± 172 kg ha −1 preseason maize residue.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- HRRe0
- Outcome
- preseason maize residuee2
- Value
- 1414 ± 172 kg ha −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HRR had 1414 ± 172 kg ha −1”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e2“preseason maize residue”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean grain moisture was greater under low than medium or high maize residue removal.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- LRRe0
- Outcome
- Grain moisturee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 119.6 ± 1.8 g kg −1e0
- Qualifier
- P = 0.03e0
- Comparator
- MRRe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain moisture was greater ( P = 0.03) in LRR (119.6 ± 1.8 g kg −1 ) than MRR (114.0 ± 1.4 g kg −1 ) or HRR (114.7 ± 1.5 g kg −1 ).”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean grain nitrogen was lower under low than medium or high maize residue removal.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- LRRe0
- Outcome
- Grain Ne0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 62.4 ± 0.5 g kg −1e0
- Qualifier
- P = 0.04e0
- Comparator
- MRRe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain N was less ( P = 0.04) under LRR (62.4 ± 0.5 g kg −1 ) than MRR (63.4 ± 0.6 g kg −1 ) or HRR (63.8 ± 0.5 g kg −1 ).”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium residue removal lowered soybean grain yield relative to low removal during the warm, very dry summer of 2012.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- MRRe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 3294 ± 88 kg ha −1e0
- Qualifier
- 2012, which had a warm and very dry summere0
- Comparator
- LRRe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Only during 2012, which had a warm and very dry summer, did MRR (3294 ± 88 kg ha −1 ) or HRR (3363 ± 141 kg ha −1 ) have less grain yield than LRR (3766 ± 145 kg ha −1 ).”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
Claim · model-written summary
High residue removal lowered soybean grain yield relative to low removal during the warm, very dry summer of 2012.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- HRRe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 3363 ± 141 kg ha −1e0
- Qualifier
- 2012, which had a warm and very dry summere0
- Comparator
- LRRe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Only during 2012, which had a warm and very dry summer, did MRR (3294 ± 88 kg ha −1 ) or HRR (3363 ± 141 kg ha −1 ) have less grain yield than LRR (3766 ± 145 kg ha −1 ).”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crops reduced soybean yield in 2012 relative to no cover crops.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- cover cropse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 3233 ± 78 kg ha −1e0
- Comparator
- withoute0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cover crops reduced yield in 2012 (3233 ± 78 kg ha −1 with cover crops; 3716 ± 102 kg ha −1 without).”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
The same questions in other papers
in vitro · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
22 papers more in this group
See all 26 papers →cover crop · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
67 papers in the same direction as this paper · 33 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
97 papers more in this group
See all 101 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.