Abstract
SUMMARY Optimal nitrogen (N) management for maize in the film-mulched production systems that are widely used in dryland agriculture is difficult because top-dressing N is impractical. The current research determined how matching N supply and demand was achieved before and after silking stages, when single applications of controlled release urea (CRU) were combined with conventional urea in film-mulched maize production. The CRU: urea mixture was applied in a 1 : 2 or 2 : 1 ratio and all three fertilizer regimes (urea alone and CRU: urea at 1 : 2 or 2 : 1) were applied at N rates of 180 and 240 kg/ha over 2 years. The 1 : 2 CRU: urea mixture, applied once at 180 kg N/ha, was found to synchronize N supply with demand, thereby reducing N losses. The highest grain yields (11·8–12·0 t/ha), N uptake (232–239 kg/ha), N recovery (65·8–67·7%) and high net economic return were achieved with this regime. These results indicate that a single application of a mixture of CRU and urea can synchronize N supply with demand and provide higher yields and profits than conventional N fertilization in film-mulched maize systems.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
A one-time 1:2 CRU to urea mixture at 180 kg N/ha synchronized nitrogen supply with demand.
Zea maysNot reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 1 : 2 CRU: urea mixture, applied once at 180 kg N/ha, was found to synchronize N supply with demand”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
That fertilizer mixture reduced nitrogen losses.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 1 : 2 CRU: urea mixture, applied once at 180 kg N/ha, was found to synchronize N supply with demand, thereby reducing N losses.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1:2 CRU to urea regime achieved the highest grain yield of 11·8–12·0 t/ha.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest grain yields (11·8–12·0 t/ha), N uptake (232–239 kg/ha), N recovery (65·8–67·7%) and high net economic return were achieved with this regime.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The regime achieved nitrogen uptake of 232–239 kg/ha.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest grain yields (11·8–12·0 t/ha), N uptake (232–239 kg/ha), N recovery (65·8–67·7%) and high net economic return were achieved with this regime.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The regime achieved nitrogen recovery of 65·8–67·7%.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest grain yields (11·8–12·0 t/ha), N uptake (232–239 kg/ha), N recovery (65·8–67·7%) and high net economic return were achieved with this regime.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The regime achieved high net economic return.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high net economic return were achieved with this regime.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
A one-time CRU and urea mixture yielded more than conventional nitrogen fertilization.
- Treatment
- single application of a mixture of CRU and ureae0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- conventional N fertilizatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a single application of a mixture of CRU and urea can synchronize N supply with demand and provide higher yields and profits than conventional N fertilization”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
A one-time CRU and urea mixture increased profit compared with conventional nitrogen fertilization.
- Treatment
- single application of a mixture of CRU and ureae0
- Outcome
- profitse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- conventional N fertilizatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a single application of a mixture of CRU and urea can synchronize N supply with demand and provide higher yields and profits than conventional N fertilization”
t0“maize”
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