Abstract
The two-year survival and growth of seedlings of Magnolia stellata were monitored at a site following clearcutting. The mortality rate during the growing season of the first year was 3.4 %, much lower than reported in previous studies, possibly because of the high light levels due to clearcutting. In contrast, the mortality rate during the winter season of the first year was 7.7 %, and 10 of 13 individuals were killed by uprooting due to frost heave in wet locations. Individuals that grew in wet sites and germinated early exhibited good height growth in the first year. However, in the second year, no effects of the moisture conditions or germination timing on the relative growth rate were detected, although there was a correlation between initial height and height growth. This result suggests that the soil moisture conditions and the length of the growing period have strong effects during the early period of life but gradually reduce in influence as the plants grow. We found that soil moisture conditions had positive and negative effects on seedling growth and survival in the growing and winter seasons, respectively, of the first year, but not in the second year. This suggests that effects of the particular environment can vary greatly depending on life stage.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Mortality of Magnolia stellata seedlings in the growing season of the first year was 3.4%, much lower than in previous studies.
- Taxon
- Magnolia stellata
Magnolia stellatae0 - Outcome
- mortality rate during the growing season of the first yeare1
- Direction
- much lowere1
- Value
- 3.4 %e1
- Comparator
- previous studiese1
- Setting
- a site following clearcuttinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The two-year survival and growth of seedlings of Magnolia stellata were monitored at a site following clearcutting”
e1“The mortality rate during the growing season of the first year was 3.4 %, much lower than reported in previous studies, possibly because of the high light levels due to clearcutting”
Claim · model-written summary
Mortality of Magnolia stellata seedlings in the winter season of the first year was 7.7%.
- Taxon
- Magnolia stellataMagnolia stellatae0
- Outcome
- mortality rate during the winter season of the first yeare2
- Value
- 7.7 %e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The two-year survival and growth of seedlings of Magnolia stellata were monitored at a site following clearcutting”
e2“In contrast, the mortality rate during the winter season of the first year was 7.7 %, and 10 of 13 individuals were killed by uprooting due to frost heave in wet locations”
Claim · model-written summary
In the winter of the first year, 10 of 13 seedlings were killed by uprooting due to frost heave in wet locations.
- Taxon
- Magnolia stellataMagnolia stellatae0
- Outcome
- killed by uprootinge2
- Value
- 10 of 13 individualse2
- Qualifier
- due to frost heavee2
- Setting
- wet locationse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The two-year survival and growth of seedlings of Magnolia stellata were monitored at a site following clearcutting”
e2“In contrast, the mortality rate during the winter season of the first year was 7.7 %, and 10 of 13 individuals were killed by uprooting due to frost heave in wet locations”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedlings that grew in wet sites and germinated early showed good height growth in the first year.
- Taxon
- Magnolia stellataMagnolia stellatae0
- Outcome
- height growthe3
- Direction
- goode3
- Qualifier
- germinated earlye3
- Setting
- wet sitese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The two-year survival and growth of seedlings of Magnolia stellata were monitored at a site following clearcutting”
e3“Individuals that grew in wet sites and germinated early exhibited good height growth in the first year”
Claim · model-written summary
In the second year, soil moisture and germination timing had no effect on relative growth rate.
- Taxon
- Magnolia stellataMagnolia stellatae0
- Treatment
- moisture conditionse4
- Outcome
- relative growth ratee4
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede4
- Qualifier
- in the second yeare4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The two-year survival and growth of seedlings of Magnolia stellata were monitored at a site following clearcutting”
e4“in the second year, no effects of the moisture conditions or germination timing on the relative growth rate were detected”
Claim · model-written summary
Initial height was correlated with height growth in Magnolia stellata seedlings.
- Taxon
- Magnolia stellataMagnolia stellatae0
- Treatment
- initial heighte5
- Outcome
- height growthe5
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The two-year survival and growth of seedlings of Magnolia stellata were monitored at a site following clearcutting”
e5“there was a correlation between initial height and height growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil moisture conditions had positive effects on seedling growth and survival in the growing season of the first year.
- Taxon
- Magnolia stellataMagnolia stellatae0
- Treatment
- soil moisture conditionse6
- Outcome
- seedling growth and survivale6
- Direction
- positivee6
- Qualifier
- of the first yeare6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The two-year survival and growth of seedlings of Magnolia stellata were monitored at a site following clearcutting”
e6“We found that soil moisture conditions had positive and negative effects on seedling growth and survival in the growing and winter seasons, respectively, of the first year, but not in the second year”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil moisture conditions had negative effects on seedling growth and survival in the winter season of the first year.
- Taxon
- Magnolia stellataMagnolia stellatae0
- Treatment
- soil moisture conditionse6
- Outcome
- seedling growth and survivale6
- Direction
- negativee6
- Qualifier
- of the first yeare6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The two-year survival and growth of seedlings of Magnolia stellata were monitored at a site following clearcutting”
e6“We found that soil moisture conditions had positive and negative effects on seedling growth and survival in the growing and winter seasons, respectively, of the first year, but not in the second year”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil moisture conditions had no effect on seedling growth and survival in the second year.
- Taxon
- Magnolia stellataMagnolia stellatae0
- Treatment
- soil moisture conditionse6
- Outcome
- seedling growth and survivale6
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede6
- Qualifier
- but not in the second yeare6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The two-year survival and growth of seedlings of Magnolia stellata were monitored at a site following clearcutting”
e6“We found that soil moisture conditions had positive and negative effects on seedling growth and survival in the growing and winter seasons, respectively, of the first year, but not in the second year”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil moisture and growing-period length have strong effects on seedlings early in life that gradually decline as plants grow (author interpretation).
- Taxon
- Magnolia stellataMagnolia stellatae0
- Organ / stage
- early period of lifee7
- Treatment
- the soil moisture conditions and the length of the growing periode7
- Outcome
- effectse7
- Direction
- gradually reducee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The two-year survival and growth of seedlings of Magnolia stellata were monitored at a site following clearcutting”
e7“the soil moisture conditions and the length of the growing period have strong effects during the early period of life but gradually reduce in influence as the plants grow”