Abstract
Many fungal root symbionts of the genus Trichoderma are well-known for their beneficial effects on agronomic performance and protection against plant pathogens; moreover, they may enhance protection from insect pests, by triggering plant resistance mechanisms. Defense barriers against insects are induced by the activation of metabolic pathways involved in the production of defense-related plant compounds, either directly active against herbivore insects, or exerting an indirect effect, by increasing the attraction of herbivore natural enemies. In a model system composed of the tomato plant, the aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae and the parasitoid Aphidius ervi, plant metabolic changes induced by Trichoderma harzianum and their effects on higher trophic levels have been assessed. T. harzianum T22 treatments induce a primed state that upon aphid attacks leads to an increased attraction of aphid parasitoids, mediated by the enhanced production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are known to induce Aphidius ervi flight. Transcriptome sequencing of T22-treated plants infested by aphids showed a remarkable upregulation of genes involved in terpenoids biosynthesis and salicylic acid pathway, which are consistent with the observed flight response of A. ervi and the VOC bouquet profile underlying this behavioral response.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
T22 treatment primed aphid attacked tomato plants and increased attraction of aphid parasitoids.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- T. harzianum T22 treatmentse0
- Interactor
- aphide0pest
- Second interactor
- T. harzianum T22
Trichoderma harzianume0symbiont - Outcome
- attraction of aphid parasitoidse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“T. harzianum T22 treatments induce a primed state that upon aphid attacks leads to an increased attraction of aphid parasitoids, mediated by the enhanced production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are known to induce Aphidius ervi flight.”
Claim · model-written summary
T22 treatment enhanced production of volatile organic compounds after aphid attack.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- T. harzianum T22 treatmentse0
- Interactor
- aphide0pest
- Second interactor
- T. harzianum T22Trichoderma harzianume0symbiont
- Outcome
- production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)e0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“T. harzianum T22 treatments induce a primed state that upon aphid attacks leads to an increased attraction of aphid parasitoids, mediated by the enhanced production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are known to induce Aphidius ervi flight.”
Claim · model-written summary
Transcriptome sequencing found upregulation of terpenoid biosynthesis genes in T22-treated aphid infested plants.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- T22-treatede0
- Interactor
- aphidsAphidomorphae0pest
- Outcome
- genes involved in terpenoids biosynthesise0
- Direction
- upregulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“Transcriptome sequencing of T22-treated plants infested by aphids showed a remarkable upregulation of genes involved in terpenoids biosynthesis and salicylic acid pathway”
Claim · model-written summary
Transcriptome sequencing found upregulation of salicylic acid pathway genes in T22-treated aphid infested plants.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- T22-treatede0
- Interactor
- aphidsAphidomorphae0pest
- Outcome
- salicylic acid pathwaye0
- Direction
- upregulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“Transcriptome sequencing of T22-treated plants infested by aphids showed a remarkable upregulation of genes involved in terpenoids biosynthesis and salicylic acid pathway”
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See all 15 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.