Abstract
The tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) is a devastating pest associated with tomato. In this study, effects of tomato plants treated with vermicompost (20, 40, and 60%), humic fertilizer (2, 4 and 6 g/kg soil) and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis) were investigated on the life table parameters of T. absoluta in a growth chamber at 25 ± 2 °C, 65 ± 5% RH, and 16:8 (L:D) h. Significant differences were found for the total developmental time, fecundity, and oviposition period of T. absoluta on the treatments tested. The net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm), finite rate of increase (λ), mean generation time (T), and doubling time (DT) of T. absoluta were significantly different among treatments tested. We found that in all vermicompost, humic fertilizer and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria treatments, values of R0, rm, and λ were lower than control treatment. However, the lowest values of these parameters were obtained on 2 g/kg humic fertilizer and 40% vermicompost. Furthermore, T. absoluta had longest T and DT values on 2 g/kg humic fertilizer treatment. Data obtained showed that the addition of 2 g/kg humic fertilizer and 40% vermicompost to the growing soil reduced T. absoluta populations in tomato cultures. In addition, these levels of fertilizers improved growth parameters of tomato seedlings (plant height, wet weight, and dry weight) compared with other treatments. These results could be useful in improving the sustainable management of the moth.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Developmental time, fecundity and oviposition period of Tuta absoluta differed significantly among treatments.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- treatments testede0
- Interactor
- T. absoluta
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Tuta absolutae0pest - Outcome
- total developmental time, fecundity, and oviposition period of T. absolutae0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Significant differences were found for the total developmental time, fecundity, and oviposition period of T. absoluta on the treatments tested”
t0“Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on Tomato Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Reproductive and population growth parameters of Tuta absoluta differed significantly among treatments.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- treatments testede0
- Interactor
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm), finite rate of increase (λ)e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm), finite rate of increase (λ), mean generation time (T), and doubling time (DT) of T. absoluta were significantly different among treatments tested”
t0“Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on Tomato Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean generation and doubling times of Tuta absoluta differed significantly among treatments.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- treatments testede0
- Interactor
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- mean generation time (T), and doubling time (DT) of T. absolutae0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mean generation time (T), and doubling time (DT) of T. absoluta were significantly different among treatments tested”
t0“Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on Tomato Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
All vermicompost treatments lowered Tuta absoluta R0, rm and λ compared with control.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- vermicomposte0
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutat0pest
- Outcome
- values of R0, rm, and λe0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in all vermicompost, humic fertilizer and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria treatments, values of R0, rm, and λ were lower than control treatment”
t0“Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on Tomato Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
All humic fertilizer treatments lowered Tuta absoluta R0, rm and λ compared with control.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- humic fertilizere0
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutat0pest
- Outcome
- values of R0, rm, and λe0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in all vermicompost, humic fertilizer and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria treatments, values of R0, rm, and λ were lower than control treatment”
t0“Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on Tomato Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria treatments lowered Tuta absoluta R0, rm and λ compared with control.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- plant growth promoting rhizobacteriae0
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutat0pest
- Outcome
- values of R0, rm, and λe0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in all vermicompost, humic fertilizer and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria treatments, values of R0, rm, and λ were lower than control treatment”
t0“Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on Tomato Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest Tuta absoluta R0, rm and λ values occurred with 2 g/kg humic fertilizer.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 2 g/kg humic fertilizere0
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutat0pest
- Outcome
- lowest values of these parameterse0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest values of these parameters were obtained on 2 g/kg humic fertilizer and 40% vermicompost”
t0“Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on Tomato Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest Tuta absoluta R0, rm and λ values occurred with 40% vermicompost.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 40% vermicomposte0
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutat0pest
- Outcome
- lowest values of these parameterse0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest values of these parameters were obtained on 2 g/kg humic fertilizer and 40% vermicompost”
t0“Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on Tomato Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Tuta absoluta had the longest generation and doubling times with 2 g/kg humic fertilizer.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 2 g/kg humic fertilizere0
- Interactor
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- T. absoluta had longest T and DT valuese0
- Direction
- longeste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T. absoluta had longest T and DT values on 2 g/kg humic fertilizer treatment”
t0“Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on Tomato Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
2 g/kg humic fertilizer reduced Tuta absoluta populations in tomato.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 2 g/kg humic fertilizere0
- Interactor
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- T. absoluta populationse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the addition of 2 g/kg humic fertilizer and 40% vermicompost to the growing soil reduced T. absoluta populations in tomato cultures”
t0“Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on Tomato Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
40% vermicompost reduced Tuta absoluta populations in tomato.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 40% vermicomposte0
- Interactor
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- T. absoluta populationse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the addition of 2 g/kg humic fertilizer and 40% vermicompost to the growing soil reduced T. absoluta populations in tomato cultures”
t0“Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on Tomato Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
2 g/kg humic fertilizer improved tomato seedling height, wet weight and dry weight relative to other treatments.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 2 g/kg humic fertilizere1
- Outcome
- plant height, wet weight, and dry weighte0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these levels of fertilizers improved growth parameters of tomato seedlings (plant height, wet weight, and dry weight) compared with other treatments”
t0“Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on Tomato Plant”
e1“the addition of 2 g/kg humic fertilizer and 40% vermicompost to the growing soil”
Claim · model-written summary
40% vermicompost improved tomato seedling height, wet weight and dry weight relative to other treatments.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 40% vermicomposte1
- Outcome
- plant height, wet weight, and dry weighte0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these levels of fertilizers improved growth parameters of tomato seedlings (plant height, wet weight, and dry weight) compared with other treatments”
t0“Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on Tomato Plant”
e1“the addition of 2 g/kg humic fertilizer and 40% vermicompost to the growing soil”
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