Abstract
Abstract Between 1998 and 2003, the company Ecofys from Utrecht developed and tested a new concept of an integrated climate and energy system that permits permanently closing the ventilation windows of a greenhouse. The technical concept consists of a combined heat and power unit, heat pump, underground (aquifer) seasonal energy storage as well as daytime storage, air treatment units, and air distribution ducts. Active air circulation is one of the key elements for controlling the climate (T, RH, CO2) at crop level. This paper discusses the technical aspects and the results of a trial using a fully closed 1400 m demonstration greenhouse for tomato production. Results showed: 1) reduction in primary energy (fossil fuel) use of 20 and 35% respectively for an “island” closed greenhouse and a closed-conventional combination greenhouse, 2) increase in tomato yield of 20%, 3) an 80% reduction in chemical crop protection, and 4) a 50% reduction in use of irrigation water. The energy efficiency was improved by 50%. Finally, some preliminary environmental data will be shown for the first 14,000 m of closed greenhouse installed at a commercial greenhouse operation. The concept of a fully closed greenhouse will be discussed in relation to sustainable greenhouse production.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
An island closed greenhouse reduced primary energy use by 20%.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Treatment
- “island” closed greenhousee0
- Outcome
- primary energy (fossil fuel) usee0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 20e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduction in primary energy (fossil fuel) use of 20 and 35% respectively for an “island” closed greenhouse and a closed-conventional combination greenhouse”
e1“increase in tomato yield of 20%”
t0“HORTICULTURE”
Claim · model-written summary
A closed-conventional combination greenhouse reduced primary energy use by 35%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- closed-conventional combination greenhousee0
- Outcome
- primary energy (fossil fuel) usee0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 35%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduction in primary energy (fossil fuel) use of 20 and 35% respectively for an “island” closed greenhouse and a closed-conventional combination greenhouse”
e1“increase in tomato yield of 20%”
t0“HORTICULTURE”
Claim · model-written summary
Closed greenhouse production increased tomato yield by 20%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- closed greenhousee2
- Outcome
- tomato yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 20%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increase in tomato yield of 20%”
e2“reduction in primary energy (fossil fuel) use of 20 and 35% respectively for an “island” closed greenhouse and a closed-conventional combination greenhouse”
e1“a fully closed 1400 m demonstration greenhouse for tomato production”
Claim · model-written summary
Closed greenhouse production reduced chemical crop protection use by 80%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- chemical crop protectione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 80%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an 80% reduction in chemical crop protection”
e1“increase in tomato yield of 20%”
t0“HORTICULTURE”
Claim · model-written summary
Closed greenhouse production reduced irrigation water use by 50%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- use of irrigation watere0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 50%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a 50% reduction in use of irrigation water”
e1“increase in tomato yield of 20%”
t0“HORTICULTURE”
Claim · model-written summary
Energy efficiency improved by 50%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- energy efficiencye0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 50%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The energy efficiency was improved by 50%”
e1“increase in tomato yield of 20%”
t0“HORTICULTURE”
The same questions in other papers
cultivation system · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
77 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- negative
99 papers more in this group
See all 103 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.