Abstract
Salinity and drought are the main factors limiting the germination of seeds and development of lawn grasses. The study, carried out in controlled conditions, explored the effects of salt and drought stress as well as photoperiod on germination and morphological traits of seedlings of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) lawn varieties. Germination capacity and mean germination time of seeds as well as the length and dry mass of shoots and roots of seedlings were determined. The germination of seeds was conducted on three levels of sodium chloride (NaCl) salinity (0, 100 and 200 mM) and four levels of drought stress using polyethylene glycol (PEG) solutions (0, -0.3, -0.6 and -1.2 MPa) in different photoperiod (0, 8 and 12 h of light) and temperature conditions (constant 25C and variable 30/20C). The obtained results showed that salinity decreased the germination capacity, the length of seedling shoots and roots, number of roots and dry mass of shoots and increased mean germination time (MGT) of seeds, especially of P. pratensis varieties. Drought stress increased mean germination time and limited germination capacity, shoot and root length and dry mass of L. perenne varieties only under the highest -1.2 MPa level, whereas P. pratensis -even at -0.3 MPa. In the conditions of salinity and simulated drought, germination capacity, shoot and root length and the mass of shoots of L. perenne and P. pratensis seedlings were closely correlated to each other. The results of this study indicate that germination capacity of P. pratensis varieties was modified by light duration. This species proved to be intolerant of lack of light during seed germination, while L. perenne varieties showed tolerance to photoperiod in this stage.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity reduced germination capacity, shoot and root lengths, root number and shoot dry mass, especially in Poa pratensis.
- Taxon
- P. pratensis
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Poa pratensise0 - Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- germination capacity, the length of seedling shoots and rootse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“salinity decreased the germination capacity, the length of seedling shoots and roots, number of roots and dry mass of shoots and increased mean germination time (MGT) of seeds, especially of P. pratensis varieties.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased mean germination time, especially in Poa pratensis.
- Taxon
- P. pratensisPoa pratensise0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- mean germination time (MGT)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity decreased the germination capacity, the length of seedling shoots and roots, number of roots and dry mass of shoots and increased mean germination time (MGT) of seeds, especially of P. pratensis varieties.”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought increased mean germination time in Lolium perenne at the highest stress level.
- Taxon
- L. perenne
Lolium perennee0 - Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- mean germination timee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- only under the highest -1.2 MPa levele0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress increased mean germination time and limited germination capacity, shoot and root length and dry mass of L. perenne varieties only under the highest -1.2 MPa level”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought limited germination and seedling growth of Lolium perenne only at -1.2 MPa.
- Taxon
- L. perenneLolium perennee0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- germination capacity, shoot and root lengthe0
- Direction
- limitede0
- Qualifier
- only under the highest -1.2 MPa levele0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress increased mean germination time and limited germination capacity, shoot and root length and dry mass of L. perenne varieties only under the highest -1.2 MPa level”
Claim · model-written summary
Poa pratensis drought responses occurred even at -0.3 MPa.
- Taxon
- P. pratensisPoa pratensise0
- Treatment
- -0.3 MPae0
- Outcome
- germination capacity, shoot and root length and dry masse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whereas P. pratensis -even at -0.3 MPa.”
e1“Drought stress increased mean germination time and limited germination capacity, shoot and root length and dry mass of L. perenne varieties only under the highest -1.2 MPa level”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination capacity, shoot and root length and shoot mass correlated under salinity and simulated drought.
- Taxon
- L. perenne and P. pratensisLolium perennePoa pratensise0
- Treatment
- salinity and simulated droughte0
- Outcome
- germination capacity, shoot and root lengthe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the conditions of salinity and simulated drought, germination capacity, shoot and root length and the mass of shoots of L. perenne and P. pratensis seedlings were closely correlated to each other.”
Claim · model-written summary
Light duration modified germination capacity in Poa pratensis.
- Taxon
- P. pratensisPoa pratensise0
- Treatment
- light duratione0
- Outcome
- germination capacitye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“germination capacity of P. pratensis varieties was modified by light duration.”
Claim · model-written summary
Poa pratensis was intolerant of no light during germination.
- Taxon
- P. pratensisPoa pratensise1
- Organ / stage
- seed germinatione0
- Outcome
- intolerant of lack of lighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This species proved to be intolerant of lack of light during seed germination”
e1“germination capacity of P. pratensis varieties was modified by light duration.”
Claim · model-written summary
Lolium perenne tolerated photoperiod conditions during seed germination.
- Taxon
- L. perenneLolium perennee0
- Outcome
- tolerance to photoperiode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“L. perenne varieties showed tolerance to photoperiod in this stage.”
The same questions in other papers
drought · growth · Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass)Results differ
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →salinity · growth · Poa pratensis (Kentucky bluegrass)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.