Abstract
Abstract Two years of field trials conducted in a Meloidogyne incognita-infested field evaluated grafting and Paladin Pic-21 (dimethyl disulfide:chloropicrin [DMDS:Pic] 79:21) for root-knot nematode and weed control in tomato and melon. Tomato rootstocks evaluated were; ‘TX301’, ‘Multifort’, and ‘Aloha’. ‘Florida 47’ was the scion and the nongrafted control. A double crop of melon was planted into existing beds following tomato harvest. Melon rootstocks, C. metulifer and ‘Tetsukabuto’, were evaluated with nongrafted ‘Athena’ in year 1. in year 2, watermelon followed tomato with scion variety ‘Tri-X Palomar’ as the control and also grafted onto ‘Emphasis’ and ‘Strongtosa’ rootstocks. Four soil treatments were applied in fall both years under Canslit metalized film; Paladin Pic- 21, methyl bromide:chloropicrin (MeBr:C33, 67:33), Midas (iodomethane:chloropicrin 50:50), and a herbicide-treated control. M. incognitaJ2 in soil were highest in herbicide control plots and nongrafted tomato. All soil treatments produced similar tomato growth, which was greater than the herbicide control. All treatments reduced M. incognita J2 in roots compared to the herbicide control. ‘Multifort’ rootstock produced the largest and healthiest roots; however, the number of M. incognita isolated from roots did not differ among the tomato rootstocks tested. Galling on tomato was highest in herbicide control plots and nongrafted plants. in melon, M. incognita J2 in soil did not differ among melon rootstocks, but numbers isolated from melon rootstocks increased in ‘Tetsukabuto’ compared with C. metuliferus. ‘Tetsukabuto’ were larger root systems than nongrafted ‘Athena’. All fumigants provided protection for all melon rootstocks against galling by M. incognita compared to the herbicide control. Galling on C. metuliferus rootstock was less in all fumigant treatments compared with nongrafted ‘Athena’ and ‘Tetsukabuto’. in watermelon, M. incognita in soil and roots did not differ among soil treatments or watermelon rootstocks, and yield was lower in both grafted rootstocks compared with the nongrafted control. All soil treatments increased average fruit weight of watermelon compared with the herbicide control, and provided effective weed control, keeping the most predominant weed, purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.), density at or below 1/m row. Grafting commercial scions onto M. incognita -resistant rootstocks has potential for nematode management combined with soil treatments or as a stand-alone component in crop production systems.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
All soil treatments gave greater tomato growth than the herbicide control.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Treatment
- soil treatmentse1
- Outcome
- tomato growthe1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Comparator
- herbicide controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“All soil treatments produced similar tomato growth, which was greater than the herbicide control”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato growth was similar among the soil treatments.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- tomato growthe1
- Qualifier
- similare1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“All soil treatments produced similar tomato growth, which was greater than the herbicide control”
Claim · model-written summary
All treatments reduced M. incognita J2 in tomato roots compared with the herbicide control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- All treatmentse3
- Interactor
- M. incognita
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogyne incognitae3pest - Outcome
- M. incognita J2 in rootse3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Comparator
- herbicide controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e2“root-knot nematode and weed control in tomato and melon”
e3“All treatments reduced M. incognita J2 in roots compared to the herbicide control”
Claim · model-written summary
M. incognita J2 in soil was highest in herbicide control plots and nongrafted tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume4
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae4pest
- Outcome
- M. incognitaJ2 in soile4
- Qualifier
- highest in herbicide control plots and nongrafted tomatoe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“M. incognitaJ2 in soil were highest in herbicide control plots and nongrafted tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The number of M. incognita isolated from tomato roots did not differ among the tomato rootstocks tested.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume5
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae5pest
- Outcome
- the number of M. incognita isolated from rootse5
- Qualifier
- did not differ among the tomato rootstocks testede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“the number of M. incognita isolated from roots did not differ among the tomato rootstocks tested”
Claim · model-written summary
The tomato rootstock Multifort produced the largest and healthiest roots.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Material
- Multiforte6
- Outcome
- rootse6
- Qualifier
- largest and healthieste6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“root-knot nematode and weed control in tomato and melon”
e6“‘Multifort’ rootstock produced the largest and healthiest roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Galling on tomato was highest in herbicide control plots and nongrafted plants.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume7
- Outcome
- Gallinge7
- Qualifier
- highest in herbicide control plots and nongrafted plantse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Galling on tomato was highest in herbicide control plots and nongrafted plants”
Claim · model-written summary
In melon, M. incognita J2 in soil did not differ among melon rootstocks.
- Taxon
- melon
.jpg?width=60)
Cucumis meloe1 - Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae1pest
- Outcome
- M. incognita J2 in soile1
- Qualifier
- did not differ among melon rootstockse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“in melon, M. incognita J2 in soil did not differ among melon rootstocks”
Claim · model-written summary
Numbers of M. incognita isolated from melon rootstocks increased in Tetsukabuto compared with C. metuliferus.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis meloe1
- Material
- Tetsukabutoe2
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae1pest
- Outcome
- numbers isolated from melon rootstockse2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Comparator
- C. metuliferuse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“in melon, M. incognita J2 in soil did not differ among melon rootstocks”
e2“numbers isolated from melon rootstocks increased in ‘Tetsukabuto’ compared with C. metuliferus”
Claim · model-written summary
Tetsukabuto melon rootstock had larger root systems than nongrafted Athena.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis meloe1
- Material
- Tetsukabutoe2
- Outcome
- root systemse2
- Direction
- largere2
- Comparator
- nongrafted ‘Athena’e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“in melon, M. incognita J2 in soil did not differ among melon rootstocks”
e2“‘Tetsukabuto’ were larger root systems than nongrafted ‘Athena’”
Claim · model-written summary
All fumigants protected all melon rootstocks against galling by M. incognita compared with the herbicide control.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis meloe1
- Treatment
- All fumigantse2
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae2pest
- Outcome
- galling by M. incognitae2
- Direction
- provided protectione2
- Comparator
- herbicide controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“in melon, M. incognita J2 in soil did not differ among melon rootstocks”
e2“All fumigants provided protection for all melon rootstocks against galling by M. incognita compared to the herbicide control”
Claim · model-written summary
Galling on C. metuliferus rootstock was less in all fumigant treatments than on nongrafted Athena and Tetsukabuto.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis meloe1
- Material
- C. metuliferuse2
- Treatment
- all fumigant treatmentse2
- Outcome
- Galling on C. metuliferus rootstocke2
- Direction
- lesse2
- Comparator
- nongrafted ‘Athena’ and ‘Tetsukabuto’e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“in melon, M. incognita J2 in soil did not differ among melon rootstocks”
e2“Galling on C. metuliferus rootstock was less in all fumigant treatments compared with nongrafted ‘Athena’ and ‘Tetsukabuto’”
Claim · model-written summary
Watermelon yield was lower on both grafted rootstocks than on the nongrafted control.
- Taxon
- watermelon
Citrullus lanatuse1 - Treatment
- grafted rootstockse2
- Outcome
- yielde2
- Direction
- lowere2
- Comparator
- nongrafted controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“All soil treatments increased average fruit weight of watermelon compared with the herbicide control, and provided effective weed control, keeping the most predominant weed, purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.), density at or below 1/m row”
e2“yield was lower in both grafted rootstocks compared with the nongrafted control”
Claim · model-written summary
In watermelon, M. incognita in soil and roots did not differ among soil treatments or watermelon rootstocks.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae1pest
- Outcome
- M. incognita in soil and rootse1
- Qualifier
- did not differ among soil treatments or watermelon rootstockse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“in watermelon, M. incognita in soil and roots did not differ among soil treatments or watermelon rootstocks”
Claim · model-written summary
All soil treatments increased average fruit weight of watermelon compared with the herbicide control.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- soil treatmentse1
- Outcome
- average fruit weighte1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- herbicide controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“All soil treatments increased average fruit weight of watermelon compared with the herbicide control, and provided effective weed control, keeping the most predominant weed, purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.), density at or below 1/m row”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil treatments provided effective weed control compared with the herbicide control in watermelon.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- soil treatmentse1
- Outcome
- weed controle1
- Direction
- providede1
- Comparator
- herbicide controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“All soil treatments increased average fruit weight of watermelon compared with the herbicide control, and provided effective weed control, keeping the most predominant weed, purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.), density at or below 1/m row”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil treatments kept purple nutsedge density at or below 1/m row in watermelon.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Interactor
- purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.)
Cyperus rotunduse1weed - Outcome
- densitye1
- Value
- 1/m rowe1
- Qualifier
- at or belowe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“All soil treatments increased average fruit weight of watermelon compared with the herbicide control, and provided effective weed control, keeping the most predominant weed, purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.), density at or below 1/m row”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting commercial scions onto M. incognita-resistant rootstocks has potential for nematode management, alone or combined with soil treatments.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- nematode managemente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“root-knot nematode and weed control in tomato and melon”
e2“Grafting commercial scions onto M. incognita -resistant rootstocks has potential for nematode management combined with soil treatments or as a stand-alone component in crop production systems”
The same questions in other papers
grafting · yield · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Results differ
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 59 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
62 papers more in this group
See all 66 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.