Abstract
Background: Field experiment was carried during the two successive seasons (2014 and 2015) to study the effects of putrescine (Put) and 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) foliar applications on the growth, yield and chemical composition of Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L., cv., Giza 90) plants grown under drought stress conditions. Materials and Methods: The soil of the experimental site was clay loam and plants were grown under three irrigation regimes, i.e., 100% as control, 75 and 50% from well watering. Three different doses of Put (0, 1 and 2 ppm) and EBL (0, 10G 9 and 10G 7 M) were sprayed on plants 5 times started at the day 40 after planting (DAP) and repeated every 15 days. Results: Drought caused a significantly and gradually decreases in the growth characters, yield and its components and chemical compositions e.g., N, P and K concentrations and CAT activity by increasing drought level, while increased lint percentage, Na percentage, total sugars, total soluble phenols, total free amino acid and proline concentrations, antioxidant enzymes POX, PPO and SOD activities. Moreover, the mean values for Relative Growth Rate (RGR) and Net Assimilation Rate (NAR) tended to be lower under drought stress especially 50% drought level compared to control non-stressed plant but its increased at 75% drought level between 60 and 90 DAP. Applications of Put and EBL positively affected cotton growth and yield under drought stress conditions. These treatments resulted an increase in morphological characters e.g., plant height, number of leaves/plant, leaf area/plant and total plant dry weight. Also, Put and EBL increase chemical constituents related to drought tolerance either inorganic (N, P, K and Na) or organic constituents e.g., total free amino acids, total sugars, total soluble phenols, antioxidant enzymes CAT, POX and SOD activities, while proline concentration, PPO activity as well as lint percentage were decreased. As a result of promoting growth induced by previous foliar applications, yield components e.g., number of open bolls, fiber length, fiber strength and micronaire value increased. Conclusion: Generally, Put at 2 ppm and EBL at 10G 7 M applications recorded the highest values of growth and yield characters.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly decreased cotton growth characters.
- Taxon
- Gossypium barbadense L.
.jpg?width=60)
Gossypium barbadensee0 - Material
- Giza 90e0
- Treatment
- Droughte2
- Outcome
- growth characterse2
- Direction
- decreasese2
- Comparator
- 100% as controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L., cv., Giza 90)”
e1“100% as control, 75 and 50% from well watering”
e2“Drought caused a significantly and gradually decreases in the growth characters, yield and its components and chemical compositions e.g., N, P and K concentrations and CAT activity by increasing drought level”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly decreased cotton yield and its components.
- Taxon
- Gossypium barbadense L.Gossypium barbadensee0
- Material
- Giza 90e0
- Treatment
- Droughte2
- Outcome
- yield and its componentse2
- Direction
- decreasese2
- Comparator
- 100% as controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L., cv., Giza 90)”
e1“100% as control, 75 and 50% from well watering”
e2“Drought caused a significantly and gradually decreases in the growth characters, yield and its components and chemical compositions e.g., N, P and K concentrations and CAT activity by increasing drought level”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly decreased N, P and K concentrations in cotton.
- Taxon
- Gossypium barbadense L.Gossypium barbadensee0
- Material
- Giza 90e0
- Treatment
- Droughte2
- Outcome
- N, P and K concentrationse2
- Direction
- decreasese2
- Comparator
- 100% as controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L., cv., Giza 90)”
e1“100% as control, 75 and 50% from well watering”
e2“Drought caused a significantly and gradually decreases in the growth characters, yield and its components and chemical compositions e.g., N, P and K concentrations and CAT activity by increasing drought level”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly decreased CAT activity in cotton.
- Taxon
- Gossypium barbadense L.Gossypium barbadensee0
- Material
- Giza 90e0
- Treatment
- Droughte2
- Outcome
- CAT activitye2
- Direction
- decreasese2
- Comparator
- 100% as controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L., cv., Giza 90)”
e1“100% as control, 75 and 50% from well watering”
e2“Drought caused a significantly and gradually decreases in the growth characters, yield and its components and chemical compositions e.g., N, P and K concentrations and CAT activity by increasing drought level”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought increased lint percentage, Na percentage and total sugars in cotton.
- Taxon
- Gossypium barbadense L.Gossypium barbadensee0
- Material
- Giza 90e0
- Treatment
- Droughte2
- Outcome
- lint percentage, Na percentage, total sugarse3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Comparator
- 100% as controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L., cv., Giza 90)”
e1“100% as control, 75 and 50% from well watering”
e2“Drought caused a significantly and gradually decreases in the growth characters, yield and its components and chemical compositions e.g., N, P and K concentrations and CAT activity by increasing drought level”
e3“while increased lint percentage, Na percentage, total sugars, total soluble phenols, total free amino acid and proline concentrations, antioxidant enzymes POX, PPO and SOD activities”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought increased total soluble phenols, total free amino acids and proline concentrations in cotton.
- Taxon
- Gossypium barbadense L.Gossypium barbadensee0
- Material
- Giza 90e0
- Treatment
- Droughte2
- Outcome
- total soluble phenols, total free amino acid and proline concentrationse3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Comparator
- 100% as controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L., cv., Giza 90)”
e1“100% as control, 75 and 50% from well watering”
e2“Drought caused a significantly and gradually decreases in the growth characters, yield and its components and chemical compositions e.g., N, P and K concentrations and CAT activity by increasing drought level”
e3“while increased lint percentage, Na percentage, total sugars, total soluble phenols, total free amino acid and proline concentrations, antioxidant enzymes POX, PPO and SOD activities”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought increased antioxidant enzyme POX, PPO and SOD activities in cotton.
- Taxon
- Gossypium barbadense L.Gossypium barbadensee0
- Material
- Giza 90e0
- Treatment
- Droughte2
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzymes POX, PPO and SOD activitiese3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Comparator
- 100% as controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L., cv., Giza 90)”
e1“100% as control, 75 and 50% from well watering”
e2“Drought caused a significantly and gradually decreases in the growth characters, yield and its components and chemical compositions e.g., N, P and K concentrations and CAT activity by increasing drought level”
e3“while increased lint percentage, Na percentage, total sugars, total soluble phenols, total free amino acid and proline concentrations, antioxidant enzymes POX, PPO and SOD activities”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drought, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate tended to be lower than in non-stressed control plants, especially at 50% drought.
- Taxon
- Gossypium barbadense L.Gossypium barbadensee0
- Material
- Giza 90e0
- Treatment
- drought stresse4
- Outcome
- Relative Growth Rate (RGR) and Net Assimilation Rate (NAR)e4
- Direction
- lowere4
- Qualifier
- especially 50% drought levele4
- Comparator
- control non-stressed plante4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L., cv., Giza 90)”
e4“the mean values for Relative Growth Rate (RGR) and Net Assimilation Rate (NAR) tended to be lower under drought stress especially 50% drought level compared to control non-stressed plant but its increased at 75% drought level between 60 and 90 DAP”
Claim · model-written summary
At 75% drought, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate increased between 60 and 90 days after planting.
- Taxon
- Gossypium barbadense L.Gossypium barbadensee0
- Material
- Giza 90e0
- Treatment
- 75% drought levele4
- Outcome
- Relative Growth Rate (RGR) and Net Assimilation Rate (NAR)e4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Qualifier
- between 60 and 90 DAPe4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L., cv., Giza 90)”
e4“the mean values for Relative Growth Rate (RGR) and Net Assimilation Rate (NAR) tended to be lower under drought stress especially 50% drought level compared to control non-stressed plant but its increased at 75% drought level between 60 and 90 DAP”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar putrescine and 24-epibrassinolide positively affected cotton growth and yield under drought.
- Taxon
- Gossypium barbadense L.Gossypium barbadensee0
- Material
- Giza 90e0
- Treatment
- Applications of Put and EBLe5
- Outcome
- growth and yielde5
- Direction
- positively affectede5
- Qualifier
- under drought stress conditionse5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L., cv., Giza 90)”
e5“Applications of Put and EBL positively affected cotton growth and yield under drought stress conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Put and EBL increased plant height, number of leaves per plant and leaf area per plant under drought.
- Taxon
- Gossypium barbadense L.Gossypium barbadensee0
- Material
- Giza 90e0
- Treatment
- Put and EBLe5
- Outcome
- plant height, number of leaves/plant, leaf area/plante6
- Direction
- increasee6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L., cv., Giza 90)”
e5“Applications of Put and EBL positively affected cotton growth and yield under drought stress conditions”
e6“These treatments resulted an increase in morphological characters e.g., plant height, number of leaves/plant, leaf area/plant and total plant dry weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Put and EBL increased total plant dry weight under drought.
- Taxon
- Gossypium barbadense L.Gossypium barbadensee0
- Material
- Giza 90e0
- Treatment
- Put and EBLe5
- Outcome
- total plant dry weighte6
- Direction
- increasee6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L., cv., Giza 90)”
e5“Applications of Put and EBL positively affected cotton growth and yield under drought stress conditions”
e6“These treatments resulted an increase in morphological characters e.g., plant height, number of leaves/plant, leaf area/plant and total plant dry weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Put and EBL increased inorganic N, P and K constituents of cotton under drought.
- Taxon
- Gossypium barbadense L.Gossypium barbadensee0
- Material
- Giza 90e0
- Treatment
- Put and EBLe7
- Outcome
- N, P, Ke7
- Direction
- increasee7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L., cv., Giza 90)”
e7“Put and EBL increase chemical constituents related to drought tolerance either inorganic (N, P, K and Na) or organic constituents e.g., total free amino acids, total sugars, total soluble phenols, antioxidant enzymes CAT, POX and SOD activities, while proline concentration, PPO activity as well as lint percentage were decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Put and EBL increased inorganic Na constituents of cotton under drought.
- Taxon
- Gossypium barbadense L.Gossypium barbadensee0
- Material
- Giza 90e0
- Treatment
- Put and EBLe7
- Outcome
- Nae7
- Direction
- increasee7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L., cv., Giza 90)”
e7“Put and EBL increase chemical constituents related to drought tolerance either inorganic (N, P, K and Na) or organic constituents e.g., total free amino acids, total sugars, total soluble phenols, antioxidant enzymes CAT, POX and SOD activities, while proline concentration, PPO activity as well as lint percentage were decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Put and EBL increased organic constituents of cotton under drought.
- Taxon
- Gossypium barbadense L.Gossypium barbadensee0
- Material
- Giza 90e0
- Treatment
- Put and EBLe7
- Outcome
- total free amino acids, total sugars, total soluble phenolse7
- Direction
- increasee7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L., cv., Giza 90)”
e7“Put and EBL increase chemical constituents related to drought tolerance either inorganic (N, P, K and Na) or organic constituents e.g., total free amino acids, total sugars, total soluble phenols, antioxidant enzymes CAT, POX and SOD activities, while proline concentration, PPO activity as well as lint percentage were decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Put and EBL increased CAT, POX and SOD antioxidant enzyme activities in cotton under drought.
- Taxon
- Gossypium barbadense L.Gossypium barbadensee0
- Material
- Giza 90e0
- Treatment
- Put and EBLe7
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzymes CAT, POX and SOD activitiese7
- Direction
- increasee7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L., cv., Giza 90)”
e7“Put and EBL increase chemical constituents related to drought tolerance either inorganic (N, P, K and Na) or organic constituents e.g., total free amino acids, total sugars, total soluble phenols, antioxidant enzymes CAT, POX and SOD activities, while proline concentration, PPO activity as well as lint percentage were decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Put and EBL decreased proline concentration, PPO activity and lint percentage in cotton under drought.
- Taxon
- Gossypium barbadense L.Gossypium barbadensee0
- Material
- Giza 90e0
- Treatment
- Put and EBLe7
- Outcome
- proline concentration, PPO activity as well as lint percentagee7
- Direction
- decreasede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L., cv., Giza 90)”
e7“Put and EBL increase chemical constituents related to drought tolerance either inorganic (N, P, K and Na) or organic constituents e.g., total free amino acids, total sugars, total soluble phenols, antioxidant enzymes CAT, POX and SOD activities, while proline concentration, PPO activity as well as lint percentage were decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Previous foliar applications increased number of open bolls, fiber length and fiber strength in cotton.
- Taxon
- Gossypium barbadense L.Gossypium barbadensee0
- Material
- Giza 90e0
- Treatment
- previous foliar applicationse6
- Outcome
- number of open bolls, fiber length, fiber strengthe6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L., cv., Giza 90)”
e6“As a result of promoting growth induced by previous foliar applications, yield components e.g., number of open bolls, fiber length, fiber strength and micronaire value increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Previous foliar applications increased micronaire value in cotton.
- Taxon
- Gossypium barbadense L.Gossypium barbadensee0
- Material
- Giza 90e0
- Treatment
- previous foliar applicationse6
- Outcome
- micronaire valuee6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L., cv., Giza 90)”
e6“As a result of promoting growth induced by previous foliar applications, yield components e.g., number of open bolls, fiber length, fiber strength and micronaire value increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Put at 2 ppm combined with EBL at 10G 7 M recorded the highest values of cotton growth and yield characters.
- Taxon
- Gossypium barbadense L.Gossypium barbadensee0
- Material
- Giza 90e0
- Treatment
- Put at 2 ppm and EBL at 10G 7 M applicationse7
- Outcome
- growth and yield characterse7
- Direction
- highest valuese7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L., cv., Giza 90)”
e7“Put at 2 ppm and EBL at 10G 7 M applications recorded the highest values of growth and yield characters”
The same questions in other papers
application · quality: grain · Gossypium barbadense (Egyptian cotton)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →drought · yield · Gossypium barbadense (Egyptian cotton)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.