Abstract
Lead (Pb) is one of the most abundant heavy metal pollutants, which can penetrate the plant through the root and then enter the food chain causing in potential health risks for human beings. Radish is an important root vegetable crop worldwide. To investigate the mechanism underlying plant response to Pb stress in radish, the protein profile changes of radish roots were comprehensively analyzed using iTRAQ (Isobaric Tag for Relative and Absolute Quantification) respectively upon Pb(NO3)2 at 500 mg L-1(Pb500) and Pb(NO3)2 at 1000 mg L-1(Pb1000) exposure. A total of 3, 898 protein species were successfully detected and 2,141 were quantified. Among them, a subset of 721 protein species were differentially accumulated upon at least one Pb treatment, and 135 ones showed significantly abundance changes during both two Pb-stressed conditions. Many critical protein species related to protein translation, processing, and degradation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, photosynthesis and respiration and carbon metabolism were successfully identified. Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis of the 135 differential abundance protein species revealed that the overrepresented GO terms were include in ‘cell wall’, ‘apoplast’, ‘response to metal ion’, ‘vacuole’ and ‘peroxidase activity’, and the critical enriched pathways were involved in ‘citric acid (TCA) cycle and respiratory electron transport’, ‘pyruvate metabolism’, ‘phenylalanine metabolism’, ‘phenylpropanoid biosynthesis’ and ‘carbon metabolism’. Furthermore, the integrative analysis of transcriptomic, miRNA, degradome, metabolomic and proteomic data provided a strengthened understanding of radish response to Pb stress at multiple levels. Under Pb stress, many key enzymes (i.e. ATP citrate lyase, Isocitrate dehydrogenase, fumarate hydratase and malate dehydrogenase) involved in the glycolysis and TCA cycle were severely affected, which ultimately cause alteration of some metabolites including glucose, citrate, and malate. Meanwhile, a series of other defense responses including ascorbate (ASA)–glutathione (GSH) cycle for ROS scavenging and Pb-defense protein species (glutaredoxin, aldose 1-epimerase malate dehydrogenase and thioredoxin), were triggered to cope with Pb-induced injuries. The results would be helpful for further dissecting molecular mechanism underlying plant response to HM stresses, and facilitate effective management of HM contamination in vegetable crops by genetic manipulation.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Proteomic analysis detected 3, 898 protein species in radish roots.
- Taxon
- Radish
Raphanus sativust0 - Organ / stage
- Roott0
- Outcome
- protein species were successfully detectede0
- Value
- 3, 898 protein speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A total of 3, 898 protein species were successfully detected and 2,141 were quantified.”
t0“Radish Root”
Claim · model-written summary
Proteomic analysis quantified 2,141 protein species in radish roots.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Organ / stage
- Roott0
- Outcome
- protein speciese0
- Value
- 2,141e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A total of 3, 898 protein species were successfully detected and 2,141 were quantified.”
t0“Radish Root”
Claim · model-written summary
At least one Pb treatment differentially accumulated 721 protein species.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- Pb treatmente0
- Outcome
- protein species were differentially accumulatede0
- Value
- 721 protein speciese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a subset of 721 protein species were differentially accumulated upon at least one Pb treatment”
t0“Radish Root”
Claim · model-written summary
Both Pb stress conditions significantly altered the abundance of 135 protein species.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- Pb-stressed conditionse0
- Outcome
- abundance changese0
- Value
- 135e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“135 ones showed significantly abundance changes during both two Pb-stressed conditions”
t0“Radish Root”
Claim · model-written summary
Differential protein species were identified in translation, processing, degradation, ROS scavenging, photosynthesis, respiration and carbon metabolism.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativust0
- Outcome
- protein species related to protein translation, processing, and degradation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, photosynthesis and respiration and carbon metabolisme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Many critical protein species related to protein translation, processing, and degradation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, photosynthesis and respiration and carbon metabolism were successfully identified.”
t0“Radish Root”
Claim · model-written summary
GO enrichment of 135 differential proteins included cell wall, apoplast, metal response, vacuole and peroxidase activity.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativust0
- Outcome
- overrepresented GO termse0
- Qualifier
- ‘cell wall’, ‘apoplast’, ‘response to metal ion’, ‘vacuole’ and ‘peroxidase activity’e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the overrepresented GO terms were include in ‘cell wall’, ‘apoplast’, ‘response to metal ion’, ‘vacuole’ and ‘peroxidase activity’”
t0“Radish Root”
Claim · model-written summary
Pathway enrichment implicated TCA and respiratory transport, pyruvate, phenylalanine, phenylpropanoid and carbon metabolism.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativust0
- Outcome
- critical enriched pathwayse0
- Qualifier
- ‘citric acid (TCA) cycle and respiratory electron transport’, ‘pyruvate metabolism’, ‘phenylalanine metabolism’, ‘phenylpropanoid biosynthesis’ and ‘carbon metabolism’e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the critical enriched pathways were involved in ‘citric acid (TCA) cycle and respiratory electron transport’, ‘pyruvate metabolism’, ‘phenylalanine metabolism’, ‘phenylpropanoid biosynthesis’ and ‘carbon metabolism’”
t0“Radish Root”
Claim · model-written summary
Pb stress severely affected key glycolysis and TCA cycle enzymes.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- Pb stresse0
- Gene
- ATP citrate lyase, Isocitrate dehydrogenase, fumarate hydratase and malate dehydrogenasee0
- Outcome
- key enzymese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under Pb stress, many key enzymes (i.e. ATP citrate lyase, Isocitrate dehydrogenase, fumarate hydratase and malate dehydrogenase) involved in the glycolysis and TCA cycle were severely affected”
t0“Radish Root”
Claim · model-written summary
Under Pb stress, glucose, citrate and malate metabolites changed.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- Pb stresse0
- Outcome
- alteration of some metabolites including glucose, citrate, and malatee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under Pb stress, many key enzymes (i.e. ATP citrate lyase, Isocitrate dehydrogenase, fumarate hydratase and malate dehydrogenase) involved in the glycolysis and TCA cycle were severely affected, which ultimately cause alteration of some metabolites including glucose, citrate, and malate.”
t0“Radish Root”
Claim · model-written summary
Pb stress triggered the ascorbate–glutathione cycle for ROS scavenging.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- Pb-induced injuriese0
- Outcome
- ascorbate (ASA)–glutathione (GSH) cycle for ROS scavenginge0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a series of other defense responses including ascorbate (ASA)–glutathione (GSH) cycle for ROS scavenging and Pb-defense protein species (glutaredoxin, aldose 1-epimerase malate dehydrogenase and thioredoxin), were triggered to cope with Pb-induced injuries.”
t0“Radish Root”
Claim · model-written summary
Pb stress triggered Pb-defense protein species including glutaredoxin, aldose 1-epimerase malate dehydrogenase and thioredoxin.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- Pb-induced injuriese0
- Gene
- glutaredoxin, aldose 1-epimerase malate dehydrogenase and thioredoxine0
- Outcome
- Pb-defense protein speciese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pb-defense protein species (glutaredoxin, aldose 1-epimerase malate dehydrogenase and thioredoxin), were triggered to cope with Pb-induced injuries.”
t0“Radish Root”
The same questions in other papers
lead atom · physiology: oxidative · Raphanus sativus (radish)Positive and negative results
5 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.