Abstract
The main objective of this study was to compare the performance of two liquid organic fertilizers, an animal and a plant-based fertilizer, with mineral fertilization on citrus trees. The source of the fertilizer (mineral or organic) had significant effect in the nutritional status of the organic and conventionally managed mandarins. Nutrient uptake, vegetative growth, carbohydrate synthesis and soil characteristics were analyzed. Results showed that plants fertilized with animal based liquid fertilizers exhibited higher total biomass with a more profuse development of new developing organs (leaves and fibrous roots). Liquid organic fertilization resulted in an increased uptake of macro and micronutrients compared to mineral fertilized trees. Moreover, organic fertilization positively affected the carbohydrate content (fructose, glucose and sucrose) mainly in summer flush leaves. Liquid organic fertilization also resulted in an increase of soil organic matter content. Animal-based fertilizer, due to intrinsic composition, increased total tree biomass and carbohydrate leaves content, and led to lower soil nitrate concentration and higher P and Mg exchangeable in soil extract compared to vegetal-based fertilizer. Therefore, liquid organic fertilizers could be used as an alternative to traditional mineral fertilization in drip irrigated citrus trees.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer source significantly affected mandarin nutritional status.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“The source of the fertilizer (mineral or organic) had significant effect in the nutritional status of the organic and conventionally managed mandarins”
Claim · model-written summary
Animal-based liquid fertilizer increased total plant biomass.
CitrusNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants fertilized with animal based liquid fertilizers exhibited higher total biomass”
t0“Citrus Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Animal-based liquid fertilizer increased development of new leaves and fibrous roots.
- Organ / stage
- leaves and fibrous rootse0
- Treatment
- animal based liquid fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- development of new developing organs (leaves and fibrous roots)e0
- Direction
- more profusee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants fertilized with animal based liquid fertilizers exhibited higher total biomass with a more profuse development of new developing organs (leaves and fibrous roots)”
t0“Citrus Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Liquid organic fertilization increased macro and micronutrient uptake relative to mineral fertilization.
- Treatment
- Liquid organic fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- uptake of macro and micronutrientse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- mineral fertilized treese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Liquid organic fertilization resulted in an increased uptake of macro and micronutrients compared to mineral fertilized trees”
t0“Citrus Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilization positively affected fructose, glucose and sucrose content, mainly in summer flush leaves.
- Organ / stage
- summer flush leavese0
- Treatment
- organic fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- carbohydrate content (fructose, glucose and sucrose)e0
- Direction
- positively affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“organic fertilization positively affected the carbohydrate content (fructose, glucose and sucrose) mainly in summer flush leaves”
t0“Citrus Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Liquid organic fertilization increased soil organic matter content.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Liquid organic fertilization also resulted in an increase of soil organic matter content”
t0“Citrus Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Animal-based fertilizer increased total tree biomass relative to plant-based fertilizer.
- Treatment
- Animal-based fertilizere0
- Outcome
- total tree biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- vegetal-based fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Animal-based fertilizer, due to intrinsic composition, increased total tree biomass and carbohydrate leaves content, and led to lower soil nitrate concentration and higher P and Mg exchangeable in soil extract compared to vegetal-based fertilizer”
t0“Citrus Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Animal-based fertilizer increased leaf carbohydrate content relative to plant-based fertilizer.
- Treatment
- Animal-based fertilizere0
- Outcome
- carbohydrate leaves contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- vegetal-based fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Animal-based fertilizer, due to intrinsic composition, increased total tree biomass and carbohydrate leaves content, and led to lower soil nitrate concentration and higher P and Mg exchangeable in soil extract compared to vegetal-based fertilizer”
t0“Citrus Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Animal-based fertilizer lowered soil nitrate concentration relative to plant-based fertilizer.
- Treatment
- Animal-based fertilizere0
- Outcome
- soil nitrate concentratione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- vegetal-based fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Animal-based fertilizer, due to intrinsic composition, increased total tree biomass and carbohydrate leaves content, and led to lower soil nitrate concentration and higher P and Mg exchangeable in soil extract compared to vegetal-based fertilizer”
t0“Citrus Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Animal-based fertilizer increased exchangeable soil P and Mg relative to plant-based fertilizer.
- Treatment
- Animal-based fertilizere0
- Outcome
- P and Mg exchangeable in soil extracte0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- vegetal-based fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Animal-based fertilizer, due to intrinsic composition, increased total tree biomass and carbohydrate leaves content, and led to lower soil nitrate concentration and higher P and Mg exchangeable in soil extract compared to vegetal-based fertilizer”
t0“Citrus Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose liquid organic fertilizers as an alternative to mineral fertilization for drip-irrigated citrus.
- Outcome
- liquid organic fertilizers could be used as an alternative to traditional mineral fertilizatione0
- Setting
- drip irrigatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“liquid organic fertilizers could be used as an alternative to traditional mineral fertilization in drip irrigated citrus trees”
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