Abstract
A solarization site was established on the grounds of the Sawtooth Community Garden south of Ketchum, Idaho, in 1995. Feasibility of solarization for weed control was determined in a region of sunny, warm days and cool nights. Elevation of the site was 1829 m, with a growing season of 90 days. Treatments of double and single layers of clear and IRT plastic were applied 23 May 1995. These solarization treatments were compared to hand-hoeing, glyphosate sprays, and no control. Highest soil temperatures were reached under the double clear plastic, where daily peak temperatures ranged from 19 to 46C. Plastic treatments were removed on 30 Aug. 1995. Weed growth and growth of peas, green beans, carrots, and beets were recorded during the summer of 1996. Weed growth on 14 June 1996 ranged from 0.3 to 0.8 weeds/m 2 in the solarization, hand-hoe, and glyphosate treatments and was 22.4 weeds/m 2 in the no control treatment. On 20 Aug., weeds/m 2 ranged from 1.4 to 2.0 in the solarization, hand-hoe, and glyphosate treatments and was 20.4 weeds/m 2 in the no control treatment. At both dates there was no significant differences between weed control treatments, and any weed control method was significantly better than no control. Weight per plant of beets and beans was no different across all treatments. Carrot and pea plants were smaller in the no control treatments, and some variable differences were noted between weed control treatments. Results indicate that solarization in short-season, cool climates will result in little to no advantage over hand-hoeing or herbicide control of weeds, and no subsequent differences in crop growth can be expected.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Double clear plastic produced the highest soil temperatures, with daily peaks of 19 to 46C.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Highest soil temperatures were reached under the double clear plastic, where daily peak temperatures ranged from 19 to 46C.”
Claim · model-written summary
June weed growth in solarization treatments was 0.3 to 0.8 weeds/m 2 versus 22.4 without control.
Verbatim
e0“Weed growth on 14 June 1996 ranged from 0.3 to 0.8 weeds/m 2 in the solarization, hand-hoe, and glyphosate treatments and was 22.4 weeds/m 2 in the no control treatment.”
e1“any weed control method was significantly better than no control”
Claim · model-written summary
June weed growth under hand-hoeing was 0.3 to 0.8 weeds/m 2 versus 22.4 without control.
Verbatim
e0“Weed growth on 14 June 1996 ranged from 0.3 to 0.8 weeds/m 2 in the solarization, hand-hoe, and glyphosate treatments and was 22.4 weeds/m 2 in the no control treatment.”
e1“any weed control method was significantly better than no control”
Claim · model-written summary
June weed growth under glyphosate was 0.3 to 0.8 weeds/m 2 versus 22.4 without control.
Verbatim
e0“Weed growth on 14 June 1996 ranged from 0.3 to 0.8 weeds/m 2 in the solarization, hand-hoe, and glyphosate treatments and was 22.4 weeds/m 2 in the no control treatment.”
e1“any weed control method was significantly better than no control”
Claim · model-written summary
August weed density in solarization treatments was 1.4 to 2.0 weeds/m 2 versus 20.4 without control.
Verbatim
e0“On 20 Aug., weeds/m 2 ranged from 1.4 to 2.0 in the solarization, hand-hoe, and glyphosate treatments and was 20.4 weeds/m 2 in the no control treatment.”
e1“any weed control method was significantly better than no control”
Claim · model-written summary
August weed density under hand-hoeing was 1.4 to 2.0 weeds/m 2 versus 20.4 without control.
Verbatim
e0“On 20 Aug., weeds/m 2 ranged from 1.4 to 2.0 in the solarization, hand-hoe, and glyphosate treatments and was 20.4 weeds/m 2 in the no control treatment.”
e1“any weed control method was significantly better than no control”
Claim · model-written summary
August weed density under glyphosate was 1.4 to 2.0 weeds/m 2 versus 20.4 without control.
Verbatim
e0“On 20 Aug., weeds/m 2 ranged from 1.4 to 2.0 in the solarization, hand-hoe, and glyphosate treatments and was 20.4 weeds/m 2 in the no control treatment.”
e1“any weed control method was significantly better than no control”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed control treatments did not differ significantly at either date.
Verbatim
e0“At both dates there was no significant differences between weed control treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Beet weight per plant did not differ across treatments.
- Taxon
- beets
Beta vulgarise0 - Treatment
- all treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Weight per plante0
- Direction
- no differente0
- Comparator
- all treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weight per plant of beets and beans was no different across all treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bean weight per plant did not differ across treatments.
Verbatim
e0“Weight per plant of beets and beans was no different across all treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Carrot plants were smaller without weed control, with variable differences among control treatments.
- Taxon
- Carrot
Daucus carotae0 - Treatment
- no control treatmentse0
- Outcome
- plantse0
- Direction
- smallere0
- Qualifier
- some variable differences were noted between weed control treatmentse0
- Comparator
- weed control treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Carrot and pea plants were smaller in the no control treatments, and some variable differences were noted between weed control treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pea plants were smaller without weed control, with variable differences among control treatments.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Treatment
- no control treatmentse0
- Outcome
- plantse0
- Direction
- smallere0
- Comparator
- weed control treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Carrot and pea plants were smaller in the no control treatments, and some variable differences were noted between weed control treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that solarization offers little to no advantage over hand-hoeing or herbicides in short-season cool climates.
Verbatim
e0“solarization in short-season, cool climates will result in little to no advantage over hand-hoeing or herbicide control of weeds, and no subsequent differences in crop growth can be expected”