Abstract
Abstract B emisia tabaci is one of the most damaging pests in tomato greenhouse production. The resistance of B . tabaci to insecticides requires a new approach with respect to the integrated management of this pest. The effect of grafting (nongrafted and tomato grafted on the rootstock A rnold) and nitrogen ( N ) rates (75, 140 and 205 mg/ L ) on the density of B . tabaci large nymphs (fourth instar to pupae) was studied in 2012. In 2013, large nymphs density was examined in relation to grafting treatments (nongrafted, self‐grafted and tomatoes grafted onto the rootstocks A rnold and H e‐ M an) and NO 3 − : NH 4 + ratios (92 : 8, 85 : 15 and 70 : 30). A reduction of B . tabaci population density was found for rootstock A rnold grown at 140 and 205 mg/ L N in the nutrient solution. Pupal size decreased with decreasing N fertilization. In the second experiment, rootstocks contributed to a reduction of B . tabaci density at different NO 3 − : NH 4 + ratios. The lowest B . tabaci population density was found on plants grafted onto H e‐ M an rootstock supplied with an 85 : 15 and 70 : 30 NO 3 − : NH 4 + ratio in nutrient solutions. The increased proportion of NH 4 + in the 85 : 15 NO 3 − : NH 4 + ratio generally reduced the B . tabaci pupal size for all rootstocks. Grafting and N adjustment could represent useful tools for integrated greenhouse pest management.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Arnold rootstock at 140 mg/L nitrogen reduced B. tabaci density.
- Material
- A rnolde0
- Treatment
- 140 and 205 mg/ L Ne0
- Interactor
- B . tabacie0pest
- Outcome
- B . tabaci population densitye0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“A reduction of B . tabaci population density was found for rootstock A rnold grown at 140 and 205 mg/ L N in the nutrient solution.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower nitrogen fertilization decreased B. tabaci pupal size.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- decreasing N fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- Pupal sizee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedInteractorInteractor roleComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pupal size decreased with decreasing N fertilization.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Rootstocks reduced B. tabaci density at different nitrate to ammonium ratios.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- rootstockse0
- Interactor
- B . tabacie0pest
- Outcome
- B . tabaci densitye0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rootstocks contributed to a reduction of B . tabaci density at different NO 3 − : NH 4 + ratios.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
He-Man rootstock at 85:15 and 70:30 nitrate to ammonium ratios had the lowest B. tabaci density.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- H e‐ M ane0
- Treatment
- 85 : 15 and 70 : 30 NO 3 − : NH 4 + ratioe0
- Interactor
- B . tabacie0pest
- Outcome
- B . tabaci population densitye0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lowest B . tabaci population density was found on plants grafted onto H e‐ M an rootstock supplied with an 85 : 15 and 70 : 30 NO 3 − : NH 4 + ratio in nutrient solutions.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The 85:15 nitrate to ammonium ratio generally reduced B. tabaci pupal size across rootstocks.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 85 : 15 NO 3 − : NH 4 + ratioe0
- Interactor
- B . tabacie0pest
- Outcome
- B . tabaci pupal sizee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increased proportion of NH 4 + in the 85 : 15 NO 3 − : NH 4 + ratio generally reduced the B . tabaci pupal size for all rootstocks.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting and nitrogen adjustment may aid integrated greenhouse pest management.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- integrated greenhouse pest managemente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grafting and N adjustment could represent useful tools for integrated greenhouse pest management.”
t0“tomato”
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