Abstract
Information was needed that would aid the breeder in deciding on the most efficient selection and breeding methods to be used for the improvement of cellular membrane thermostability (percent heat injury) in soybeans {Glycine max (L.) Merrill}. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the importance of the additive, dominance and epistatic genetic effects in the control of cellular membrane thermostability and agronomic characters and (2) to investigate the effectiveness of selecting for increased cellular membrane thermostability in early generations. The parents used to generate the populations were chosen because of their contrasting membrane thermostability. 'Williams' was crossed to 'Beeson' (Population 1) and 'Harcor' was crossed to 'Bonus' (Population 2). Each population consisted of the P(,1), P(,2), F(,1), F(,2), B(,1) and B(,2) generations in 1980. In 1981, the selfed generations of the 1980 experiment were evaluated: P(,1), P(,2), F(,2), F(,3), B(,1)S and B(,2)S.(,) Generation mean analyses of 1980 plant data and 1981 family data from Population 2 revealed that 99% of the genetic variation for percent heat injury was attributable to the additive genetic effect in both years. In Population 1, significant genetic variation among generations (56%) was attributed to the additive genetic effect for percent heat injury in 1980 and to the additive (96%) and dominance (3%) effects in 1981. Frequency distributions indicated that percent heat injury was quantitatively inherited in both populations and that a major gene(s) was influencing the expression of the trait in Population 1. The preponderance of additive gene action found controlling percent heat injury indicates that either pure line selection after hybridization or recurrent selection would be effective methods of breeding for increased membrane thermostability in these populations. Ineffectiveness of early generation selection for decreased percent heat injury was indicated in Population 1. In Population 2, 5% and 11% (as percent of mean) gains from selection for decreased percent heat injury were noted for actual (F(,2) plant) and predicted (F(,3) family) gains, respectively, indicating effectiveness of selection in this population.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Additive genetic effects accounted for 99% of variation in percent heat injury in Population 2 in both years.
- Taxon
- SOYBEAN
Glycine maxt0 - Material
- Population 2e0
- Outcome
- genetic variation for percent heat injurye0
- Value
- 99%e0
- Qualifier
- both yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Generation mean analyses of 1980 plant data and 1981 family data from Population 2 revealed that 99% of the genetic variation for percent heat injury was attributable to the additive genetic effect in both years.”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
In Population 1, additive effects explained 56% of significant genetic variation in percent heat injury in 1980.
- Taxon
- SOYBEANGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Population 1e0
- Outcome
- genetic variation among generationse0
- Value
- 56%e0
- Qualifier
- percent heat injury in 1980e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Population 1, significant genetic variation among generations (56%) was attributed to the additive genetic effect for percent heat injury in 1980”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
In Population 1, additive effects explained 96% of variation in percent heat injury in 1981.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Population 1, significant genetic variation among generations (56%) was attributed to the additive genetic effect for percent heat injury in 1980 and to the additive (96%) and dominance (3%) effects in 1981.”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
In Population 1, dominance effects explained 3% of variation in percent heat injury in 1981.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Population 1, significant genetic variation among generations (56%) was attributed to the additive genetic effect for percent heat injury in 1980 and to the additive (96%) and dominance (3%) effects in 1981.”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
Percent heat injury was quantitatively inherited in both soybean populations.
- Taxon
- SOYBEANGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- percent heat injury was quantitatively inheritede0
- Qualifier
- both populationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Frequency distributions indicated that percent heat injury was quantitatively inherited in both populations”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
A major gene or genes appeared to influence percent heat injury in Population 1.
- Taxon
- SOYBEANGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Population 1e0
- Gene
- major gene(s)e0
- Outcome
- percent heat injurye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a major gene(s) was influencing the expression of the trait in Population 1.”
e1“percent heat injury was quantitatively inherited in both populations”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors proposed pure line or recurrent selection as effective for increasing membrane thermostability in these populations.
- Taxon
- SOYBEANGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- pure line selection after hybridization or recurrent selection would be effective methods of breeding for increased membrane thermostabilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“either pure line selection after hybridization or recurrent selection would be effective methods of breeding for increased membrane thermostability in these populations.”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
Early generation selection did not effectively decrease percent heat injury in Population 1.
- Taxon
- SOYBEANGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Population 1e0
- Outcome
- Ineffectiveness of early generation selection for decreased percent heat injurye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ineffectiveness of early generation selection for decreased percent heat injury was indicated in Population 1.”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
Actual F(,2) plant selection in Population 2 produced a 5% mean gain toward decreased heat injury.
- Taxon
- SOYBEANGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Population 2e0
- Outcome
- actual (F(,2) plant)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 5%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Population 2, 5% and 11% (as percent of mean) gains from selection for decreased percent heat injury were noted for actual (F(,2) plant) and predicted (F(,3) family) gains, respectively, indicating effectiveness of selection in this population.”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
Predicted F(,3) family selection in Population 2 showed an 11% mean gain toward decreased heat injury.
- Taxon
- SOYBEANGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Population 2e0
- Outcome
- predicted (F(,3) family) gainse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 11%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Population 2, 5% and 11% (as percent of mean) gains from selection for decreased percent heat injury were noted for actual (F(,2) plant) and predicted (F(,3) family) gains, respectively, indicating effectiveness of selection in this population.”
t0“SOYBEAN”