Abstract
Direct somatic embryogenesis from shoot apical meristems of pea is described. Somatic embryos were induced directly (without callus intervention) from meristematic tissues grown on a medium supplemented with 2.5 µM picloram. Within 4 to 5 weeks, fully morphologically developed somatic embryos were obtained. Somatic embryos originated from apical as well as from basal parts of meristem explants. The initiation and development of somatic embryos was asynchronous, basal somatic embryos developed more quickly than apical ones. Abundant secondary embryogenesis was observed after isolation of primary somatic embryos and culturing them on media for germination. Morphologically normal somatic embryos germinated on medium without growth regulators; the conversion rate was increased by application of 10 µM thidiazuron (TDZ). TDZ was also able to induce shoot bud regeneration on embryos without differentiated a shoot apex, allowing to germinate up to 78 % of all harvested somatic embryos with various morphology. The protocol was successfully tested in 47 out of 48 P. sativum and P. arvense cultivars as well as in two wild peas (P. elatius, P. jomardi).
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
On a medium with 2.5 µM picloram, somatic embryos were induced directly from pea meristematic tissues without a callus phase.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceust0 - Organ / stage
- meristematic tissuese1
- Treatment
- medium supplemented with 2.5 µM piclorame1
- Outcome
- Somatic embryos were induced directlye1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“meristems of pea”
e1“Somatic embryos were induced directly (without callus intervention) from meristematic tissues grown on a medium supplemented with 2.5 µM picloram”
Claim · model-written summary
Fully morphologically developed somatic embryos were obtained within 4 to 5 weeks.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- fully morphologically developed somatic embryos were obtainede1
- Value
- 4 to 5 weekse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“meristems of pea”
e1“Within 4 to 5 weeks, fully morphologically developed somatic embryos were obtained”
Claim · model-written summary
Pea somatic embryos originated from both apical and basal parts of the meristem explants.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Organ / stage
- meristem explantse1
- Outcome
- Somatic embryos originated from apical as well as from basal partse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“meristems of pea”
e1“Somatic embryos originated from apical as well as from basal parts of meristem explants”
Claim · model-written summary
Initiation and development of pea somatic embryos was asynchronous.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- initiation and development of somatic embryos was asynchronouse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“meristems of pea”
e1“The initiation and development of somatic embryos was asynchronous”
Claim · model-written summary
Basal somatic embryos developed more quickly than apical ones.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- basal somatic embryos developed more quickly than apical onese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“meristems of pea”
e1“basal somatic embryos developed more quickly than apical ones”
Claim · model-written summary
Abundant secondary embryogenesis occurred after primary somatic embryos were isolated and cultured on media for germination.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- Abundant secondary embryogenesise1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“meristems of pea”
e1“Abundant secondary embryogenesis was observed after isolation of primary somatic embryos and culturing them on media for germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Morphologically normal somatic embryos germinated on medium without growth regulators, and the conversion rate was increased by application of 10 µM thidiazuron.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- 10 µM thidiazuron (TDZ)e1
- Outcome
- conversion ratee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- medium without growth regulatorse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“meristems of pea”
e1“Morphologically normal somatic embryos germinated on medium without growth regulators; the conversion rate was increased by application of 10 µM thidiazuron (TDZ)”
Claim · model-written summary
Thidiazuron induced shoot bud regeneration on somatic embryos lacking a differentiated shoot apex.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- TDZe1
- Outcome
- shoot bud regeneratione1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“meristems of pea”
e1“TDZ was also able to induce shoot bud regeneration on embryos without differentiated a shoot apex”
Claim · model-written summary
With thidiazuron, up to 78 % of all harvested somatic embryos of various morphology could germinate.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“meristems of pea”
e1“TDZ was also able to induce shoot bud regeneration on embryos without differentiated a shoot apex, allowing to germinate up to 78 % of all harvested somatic embryos with various morphology”
Claim · model-written summary
The somatic embryogenesis protocol worked in 47 out of 48 P. sativum and P. arvense cultivars.
Verbatim
e1“The protocol was successfully tested in 47 out of 48 P. sativum and P. arvense cultivars as well as in two wild peas (P. elatius, P. jomardi)”
Claim · model-written summary
The somatic embryogenesis protocol also worked in two wild peas (P. elatius and P. jomardi).
Verbatim
e1“The protocol was successfully tested in 47 out of 48 P. sativum and P. arvense cultivars as well as in two wild peas (P. elatius, P. jomardi)”
The same questions in other papers
Thidiazuron · growth · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
in vitro · growth · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.