Abstract
Drought stress is one of the major environmental stresses that affect plant survival and growth. The effects of drought can be mitigated by a number of strategies, including morphological, physiological and molecular acclimation to drought. Many species exhibit changes in partitioning in favor of the structures involved in water uptake and transport, and increase water use efficiency (WUE) in response to water deficits. Greater allocation to root system may increase the amount of soil water accessible for a plant. Changes in foliage area/sapwood area ratio also involve in the water potential gradient from root to shoot. Synthesis and accumulation of osmoprotectants can increase the drought tolerance of plant. Osmotic adjustment in response to drought stress allows the normal functioning of physiological processes to take place. Xanthophylls cycle-dependent thermal dissipation and the integrated system of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants are involved in the photoprotective mechanisms during the periods of drought. Water-stress related genes are induced by abscisic acid (ABA), which apparently is involved in the signal transduction during drought stress. In this review, we examine the roles of morphological changes, osmotic adjustment, xylem cavitation, photosynthesis, WUE, ABA and molecular mechanism for acclimation and adaptation of conifers to drought stress. Moreover, the use of physiological characteristics as selection criteria for drought tolerance is also discussed. During water stress, drought-tolerant mechanisms are not independent and they are needed to integrate different aspects about whole plant responses. Ref 99
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Many species shift allocation toward water uptake and transport structures during water deficits.
- Outcome
- changes in partitioning in favor of the structures involved in water uptake and transporte0
Verbatim
e0“Many species exhibit changes in partitioning in favor of the structures involved in water uptake and transport”
t0“RESPONSES OF CONIFERS TO DROUGHT STRESS”
Claim · model-written summary
Many species increase water use efficiency under water deficits.
Verbatim
e0“and increase water use efficiency (WUE) in response to water deficits.”
t0“RESPONSES OF CONIFERS TO DROUGHT STRESS”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater root allocation may increase accessible soil water.
Verbatim
e0“Greater allocation to root system may increase the amount of soil water accessible for a plant.”
t0“RESPONSES OF CONIFERS TO DROUGHT STRESS”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmoprotectant accumulation can increase drought tolerance.
Verbatim
e0“Synthesis and accumulation of osmoprotectants can increase the drought tolerance of plant.”
t0“RESPONSES OF CONIFERS TO DROUGHT STRESS”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic adjustment under drought permits normal physiological function.
Verbatim
e0“Osmotic adjustment in response to drought stress allows the normal functioning of physiological processes to take place.”
t0“RESPONSES OF CONIFERS TO DROUGHT STRESS”
Claim · model-written summary
Xanthophyll cycle thermal dissipation and antioxidants are involved in drought photoprotection.
Verbatim
e0“Xanthophylls cycle-dependent thermal dissipation and the integrated system of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants are involved in the photoprotective mechanisms during the periods of drought.”
t0“RESPONSES OF CONIFERS TO DROUGHT STRESS”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA induces water stress genes and apparently contributes to drought signalling.
Verbatim
e0“Water-stress related genes are induced by abscisic acid (ABA), which apparently is involved in the signal transduction during drought stress.”
t0“RESPONSES OF CONIFERS TO DROUGHT STRESS”