Abstract
Artificial inoculation techniques for false smut of rice (caused by Ustilaginoidea virens (Cooke) Takahashi) was studied under field condition. Inoculation with three inocula indicated that chlamydospores collected and kept at -20℃ last year could not cause false smut; thin wall conidia prepared from liquid culture could cause the disease, and higher concentration of conidia resulted in higher percentage of diseased panicles, the severest disease was caused by mixture of hypha fragment and thin wall conidia. Length of growing period of pathogen influenced inoculation effect. Among three inoculation stages of rice, the case inoculated 6-9 d before emergence of panicle resulted in optimum diseased effect. Among three inoculation periods on a day, the case inoculated at 4:00-6:00 pm. induced severest disease. Potato juice could increase percentage of diseased panicles when it was added to inoculum. The inoculation technique advanced in this paper could induced false smut efficiently, the optimum percentage of diseased panicles, disease index, number of spore balls in a panicle were 100%, 93.96, 110, respectively. The inoculation technique could distinguish differences of varietal resistance.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Stored chlamydospores did not cause false smut.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- chlamydospores collected and kept at -20℃ last yeare0
- Interactor
- Ustilaginoidea virens (Cooke) Takahashi
Ustilaginoidea virense1 - Outcome
- false smute0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chlamydospores collected and kept at -20℃ last year could not cause false smut”
t0“Inoculation techniques used for inducing Rice false smut efficiently”
e1“false smut of rice (caused by Ustilaginoidea virens (Cooke) Takahashi)”
Claim · model-written summary
Thin wall conidia caused disease.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- diseasee0
Not reportedInteractor
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“thin wall conidia prepared from liquid culture could cause the disease”
t0“Inoculation techniques used for inducing Rice false smut efficiently”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher conidia concentration increased diseased panicles.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- higher concentration of conidiae0
- Outcome
- percentage of diseased paniclese0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher concentration of conidia resulted in higher percentage of diseased panicles”
t0“Inoculation techniques used for inducing Rice false smut efficiently”
Claim · model-written summary
A mixture of hypha fragments and conidia caused the most severe disease.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- mixture of hypha fragment and thin wall conidiae0
- Outcome
- diseasee0
- Direction
- severeste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the severest disease was caused by mixture of hypha fragment and thin wall conidia”
t0“Inoculation techniques used for inducing Rice false smut efficiently”
Claim · model-written summary
Pathogen growing period influenced inoculation effect.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Length of growing period of pathogene0
- Outcome
- inoculation effecte0
- Qualifier
- Length of growing period of pathogene0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Length of growing period of pathogen influenced inoculation effect”
t0“Inoculation techniques used for inducing Rice false smut efficiently”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation 6-9 days before panicle emergence produced optimal disease.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- inoculated 6-9 d before emergence of paniclee0
- Outcome
- diseased effecte0
- Direction
- optimume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculated 6-9 d before emergence of panicle resulted in optimum diseased effect”
t0“Inoculation techniques used for inducing Rice false smut efficiently”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation at 4:00-6:00 pm caused the severest disease.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- inoculated at 4:00-6:00 pm.e0
- Outcome
- diseasee0
- Direction
- severeste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculated at 4:00-6:00 pm. induced severest disease”
t0“Inoculation techniques used for inducing Rice false smut efficiently”
Claim · model-written summary
Potato juice increased diseased panicles.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Potato juicee0
- Outcome
- percentage of diseased paniclese0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Potato juice could increase percentage of diseased panicles when it was added to inoculum”
t0“Inoculation techniques used for inducing Rice false smut efficiently”
Claim · model-written summary
The technique reached 100% diseased panicles.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- percentage of diseased paniclese0
- Value
- 100%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“optimum percentage of diseased panicles, disease index, number of spore balls in a panicle were 100%, 93.96, 110, respectively”
t0“Inoculation techniques used for inducing Rice false smut efficiently”
Claim · model-written summary
The technique reached disease index 93.96.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- disease indexe0
- Value
- 93.96e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“optimum percentage of diseased panicles, disease index, number of spore balls in a panicle were 100%, 93.96, 110, respectively”
t0“Inoculation techniques used for inducing Rice false smut efficiently”
Claim · model-written summary
The technique produced 110 spore balls per panicle.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- number of spore balls in a paniclee0
- Value
- 110e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“optimum percentage of diseased panicles, disease index, number of spore balls in a panicle were 100%, 93.96, 110, respectively”
t0“Inoculation techniques used for inducing Rice false smut efficiently”
Claim · model-written summary
The technique distinguished varietal resistance.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- differences of varietal resistancee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inoculation technique could distinguish differences of varietal resistance”
t0“Inoculation techniques used for inducing Rice false smut efficiently”
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See all 158 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.