Abstract
The cassava green mite (CGM), Mononychellus tanajoa, is a pest that reduces root yield of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) by 30-80% in the cassava belts of Africa. The objective of this study was to identify cassava varieties that enhance abundance and persistence of Typhlodramulus aripo on cassava and increase its efficiency in controlling CGM. Nine cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) varieties were evaluated in Kenya based on CGM abundance and HCN of leaves for their ability to sustain low CGM populations to enhance biocontrol of T. aripo. Cassava fields were surveyed in five agro-ecological zones in Uganda and samples of cassava apices were analysed for cassava varieties to sustain high population of T. aripo. In the screening study of CGM abundance and HCN content of leaves and the lowest cumulative CGM population densities (<1200 mites/leaf) were recorded on MM97/3567, Tajirika and MM96/9308, with the lowest cyanide content of leaves, 8.5 ± 4.9, 12.5 ± 3.2 and 12.3 ± 2.5 mg kg-1, respectively. Cassava varieties with hairy and non-hairy tips sustained T. aripo with highest densities (0.96 actives per tip) on hairy TME14. High T. aripo population densities corresponded to high densities of hairs on cassava tips. There were significant inverse linear relationships between CGM densities and T. aripo on TME14 at moderate CGM population densities (CGM damage level 2).Key Words: Cyanide, Manihot esculenta, Mononychellus tanajoa
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
MM97/3567 had among the lowest cumulative cassava green mite densities, below 1200 mites per leaf.
- Taxon
- cassava
Manihot esculentae1 - Material
- MM97/3567e0
- Interactor
- CGMe0pest
- Outcome
- CGM population densitiese0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- <1200 mites/leafe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest cumulative CGM population densities (<1200 mites/leaf) were recorded on MM97/3567, Tajirika and MM96/9308”
e1“root yield of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tajirika had among the lowest cumulative cassava green mite densities, below 1200 mites per leaf.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae1
- Material
- Tajirikae0
- Interactor
- CGMe0pest
- Outcome
- CGM population densitiese0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- <1200 mites/leafe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest cumulative CGM population densities (<1200 mites/leaf) were recorded on MM97/3567, Tajirika and MM96/9308”
e1“root yield of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)”
Claim · model-written summary
MM96/9308 had among the lowest cumulative cassava green mite densities, below 1200 mites per leaf.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae1
- Material
- MM96/9308e0
- Interactor
- CGMe0pest
- Outcome
- CGM population densitiese0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- <1200 mites/leafe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest cumulative CGM population densities (<1200 mites/leaf) were recorded on MM97/3567, Tajirika and MM96/9308”
e1“root yield of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)”
Claim · model-written summary
MM96/9308 had leaf cyanide content of 12.3 ± 2.5 mg kg-1, among the lowest.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae2
- Material
- MM96/9308e1
- Outcome
- cyanide content of leavese0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 12.3 ± 2.5 mg kg-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest cyanide content of leaves, 8.5 ± 4.9, 12.5 ± 3.2 and 12.3 ± 2.5 mg kg-1, respectively”
e1“MM97/3567, Tajirika and MM96/9308”
e2“root yield of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)”
Claim · model-written summary
Hairy TME14 tips sustained the highest Typhlodramulus aripo density, 0.96 actives per tip.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentae0
- Material
- TME14e0
- Organ / stage
- tipse0
- Interactor
- T. aripoe0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- T. aripoe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 0.96 actives per tipe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cassava varieties with hairy and non-hairy tips sustained T. aripo with highest densities (0.96 actives per tip) on hairy TME14”
e1“Typhlodramulus aripo”
Claim · model-written summary
Typhlodramulus aripo density rose with hair density on cassava tips.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae0
- Organ / stage
- tipse0
- Interactor
- T. aripoe0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- T. aripo population densitiese0
- Direction
- Highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High T. aripo population densities corresponded to high densities of hairs on cassava tips”
Claim · model-written summary
Cassava green mite and Typhlodramulus aripo densities were inversely related on TME14 at moderate mite densities.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae1
- Material
- TME14e0
- Interactor
- CGMe0pest
- Second interactor
- T. aripoe0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- CGM densitiese0
- Direction
- inversee0
- Qualifier
- CGM damage level 2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were significant inverse linear relationships between CGM densities and T. aripo on TME14 at moderate CGM population densities (CGM damage level 2)”
e1“root yield of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)”