Abstract
Abstract The effect of natural enemies on stemborer infestations and maize grain yields was estimated using an insecticide exclusion method. Field experiments were conducted at low, mid and high elevation zones, which vary in the stemborer species composition. Dimethoate was applied to exclude natural enemies and Cypermethrin to suppress stemborers, while other plots served as control. At all study sites more stemborer larvae and pupae were collected when natural enemies were excluded. Parasitism as well as maize grain weight in the unprotected plots were significantly higher than in the exclusion plots. Yield losses increased by 28.9 % in unprotected to 43.3 % in exclusion plots. The most abundant parasitoids of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) were Cotesia sesamiae (Cameron), Cotesia flavipes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Dentichasmias busseolae Heinrich (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). While for Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) they were C. sesamiae, Sturmiopsis parasitica (Curran) (Diptera: Tachinidae) and Porcerochasmias nigromaculatus Heinrich (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). It was concluded that exclusion of natural enemies caused an increase in stemborer populations, thus, the parasitoids play an important role in suppressing stemborer infestations and increase maize yield.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Excluding natural enemies with dimethoate increased the number of stemborer larvae and pupae collected at all study sites.
- Treatment
- Dimethoate was applied to exclude natural enemiese1
- Interactor
- stemborere2pest
- Second interactor
- natural enemiese2biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- stemborer larvae and pupaee2
- Direction
- moree2
- Comparator
- other plots served as controle1
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of natural enemies on stemborer infestations and maize grain yields was estimated using an insecticide exclusion method”
e1“Dimethoate was applied to exclude natural enemies and Cypermethrin to suppress stemborers, while other plots served as control”
e2“At all study sites more stemborer larvae and pupae were collected when natural enemies were excluded”
Claim · model-written summary
Parasitism was significantly higher in unprotected plots than in plots where natural enemies were excluded.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of natural enemies on stemborer infestations and maize grain yields was estimated using an insecticide exclusion method”
e3“Parasitism as well as maize grain weight in the unprotected plots were significantly higher than in the exclusion plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize grain weight was significantly higher in unprotected plots than in exclusion plots.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of natural enemies on stemborer infestations and maize grain yields was estimated using an insecticide exclusion method”
e3“Parasitism as well as maize grain weight in the unprotected plots were significantly higher than in the exclusion plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield losses were 28.9 % in unprotected plots and 43.3 % in exclusion plots, an increase in loss when natural enemies were excluded.
- Treatment
- exclusion plotse4
- Outcome
- Yield lossese4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 43.3 %e4
- Qualifier
- 28.9 % in unprotectede4
- Comparator
- unprotectede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of natural enemies on stemborer infestations and maize grain yields was estimated using an insecticide exclusion method”
e4“Yield losses increased by 28.9 % in unprotected to 43.3 % in exclusion plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Parasitoids play an important role in suppressing stemborer infestations and increasing maize yield, according to the authors.
- Interactor
- parasitoidse7biocontrol_agent
- Second interactor
- stemborere7pest
- Outcome
- maize yielde7
- Direction
- increasee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of natural enemies on stemborer infestations and maize grain yields was estimated using an insecticide exclusion method”
e7“the parasitoids play an important role in suppressing stemborer infestations and increase maize yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The most abundant parasitoids of Chilo partellus were Cotesia sesamiae, Cotesia flavipes and Dentichasmias busseolae.
- Interactor
- Chilo partellus
_Figure_27c.jpg?width=60)
Chilo partelluse5pest - Second interactor
- Cotesia sesamiae
_Figure_5.jpg?width=60)
Cotesia sesamiaee5biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- most abundant parasitoidse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Figure_27c.jpg?width=500)
_Figure_5.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The effect of natural enemies on stemborer infestations and maize grain yields was estimated using an insecticide exclusion method”
e5“The most abundant parasitoids of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) were Cotesia sesamiae (Cameron), Cotesia flavipes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Dentichasmias busseolae Heinrich (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)”
Claim · model-written summary
The parasitoids recorded for Busseola fusca were Cotesia sesamiae, Sturmiopsis parasitica and Porcerochasmias nigromaculatus.
- Interactor
- Busseola fusca
Busseola fuscae6pest - Second interactor
- Sturmiopsis parasiticaSturmiopsis parasiticae6biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- they weree6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of natural enemies on stemborer infestations and maize grain yields was estimated using an insecticide exclusion method”
e6“While for Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) they were C. sesamiae, Sturmiopsis parasitica (Curran) (Diptera: Tachinidae) and Porcerochasmias nigromaculatus Heinrich (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)”
The same questions in other papers
dimethoate · pest · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
biocontrol · pest · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.