Paper · 1986 · Journal of Economic Entomology

Phytotoxic Interactions Among Phorate, Metribuzin, and Certain Soybean Cultivars

Ronald B. Hammond

7
claims
13
verbatim quotes
3
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Studies were conducted under greenhouse and field conditions to determine phytotoxic interactions on soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. genotypes differing in their sensitivity to metribuzin when metribuzin was applied sequentially with phorate. Consistent phytotoxic interactions between metribuzin and the soybean cultivars occurred during the study, with relatively greater phytotoxicity occurring when Woodworth-Rps1b, a line sensitive to metribuzin, was used. Also, consistent phytotoxic interactions occurred when the two pesticides were applied sequentially. Relatively more phytotoxicity occurred with higher rates of each (metribuzin: 0.56 kg [AI]/ha and phorate; 1.6 kg [AI]/ha). In addition, a three-way interaction among phorate, metribuzin, and soybean genotype occurred throughout the study. The synergistic interaction between phorate and metribuzin caused more severe phytotoxicity on the moderately metribuzin-sensitive line, ‘Woodworth’, and the greatest phytotoxicity on the highly sensitive line, Woodworth-Rps1b. The least phorate/metribuzin phytotoxic interaction was on ‘Union’, which is metribuzin tolerant.

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Claims 7

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Woodworth-Rps1b had relatively greater metribuzin phytotoxicity.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Material
Woodworth-Rps1be0
Outcome
phytotoxicitye0
Direction
relatively greatere0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“relatively greater phytotoxicity occurring when Woodworth-Rps1b, a line sensitive to metribuzin, was used”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 355–460 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean Cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 63–80 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Sequential metribuzin and phorate produced phytotoxic interactions.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
the two pesticides were applied sequentiallye0
Outcome
phytotoxic interactionse0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“consistent phytotoxic interactions occurred when the two pesticides were applied sequentially”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 468–561 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean Cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 63–80 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Higher rates of both pesticides caused more phytotoxicity.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
higher rates of each (metribuzin: 0.56 kg [AI]/ha and phorate; 1.6 kg [AI]/ha)e0
Outcome
phytotoxicitye0
Direction
Relatively moree0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Relatively more phytotoxicity occurred with higher rates of each (metribuzin: 0.56 kg [AI]/ha and phorate; 1.6 kg [AI]/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 563–685 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean Cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 63–80 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Phorate, metribuzin and soybean genotype showed a three-way interaction.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Outcome
three-way interaction among phorate, metribuzin, and soybean genotypee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“a three-way interaction among phorate, metribuzin, and soybean genotype occurred throughout the study”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 700–801 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The pesticide synergy caused more severe phytotoxicity on Woodworth.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Material
Woodworthe0
Treatment
phorate and metribuzine0
Outcome
phytotoxicitye0
Direction
more severee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The synergistic interaction between phorate and metribuzin caused more severe phytotoxicity on the moderately metribuzin-sensitive line, ‘Woodworth’”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 803–951 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean Cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 63–80 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The pesticide synergy produced greatest phytotoxicity on Woodworth-Rps1b.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Material
Woodworth-Rps1be0
Treatment
phorate and metribuzine0
Outcome
phytotoxicitye0
Direction
greateste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The synergistic interaction between phorate and metribuzin caused more severe phytotoxicity on the moderately metribuzin-sensitive line, ‘Woodworth’, and the greatest phytotoxicity on the highly sensitive line, Woodworth-Rps1b”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 803–1029 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean Cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 63–80 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Union had the least phorate/metribuzin phytotoxic interaction.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Material
Unione0
Outcome
phorate/metribuzin phytotoxic interactione0
Direction
leaste0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The least phorate/metribuzin phytotoxic interaction was on ‘Union’, which is metribuzin tolerant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1031–1127 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean Cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 63–80 · show in text ↑

metribuzin · crop injury · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

23 papers: 5 positive, 18 negative or no effect

17 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

19 papers more in this group

See all 23 papers →

insecticide · crop injury · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

10 papers: 6 positive, 4 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

6 papers more in this group

See all 10 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.