Abstract
Aims: Apply different silvicultural approaches to improve oil productivity and quality from abandoned stands and analyze cost-benefit of developing tea oil camellias. Study Design: Three experiments were conducted as (1) Changing canopy of 36-year-old plantation by grafting, (2) Using Bortrac fertilizer for promoting fruiting by spraying to canopy, and (3) Stem/branch thinning and fertilizing. Place: North Central, Vietnam at 19º16’N and 105º23’E. Methodology: Shoots of 4 – 6 mm in diameter and 3 -5 cm long from improved cultivar were used to graft to 36-year-old trees. Bortrac fertilizer was used to spray to canopy of 15-year-old plantation when trees bloomed. While three treatments of stem/branch thinning and fertilizing at different intensities was applied to 29-year-old plantation of 830 trees ha-1. Results: The results showed that old stand, which has low seed productivity, could be replaced by a new canopy through grafting with improved cultivars. Meanwhile, fertilizing through spraying on canopy at early blooming peak with Bortrac fertilizer increased seed productivity by 28%. In addition, applying 0.5 kg inorganic fertilizer (NPK) and 5 kg organic manure per tree coupled with thinning under crown-old branches and diseased branches increased up to 60% seed productivity and improved oil ratio and quality. Cost-benefit analysis indicated that by applying different intensities of stem/branch thinning and fertilizing to 29-year-old plantation, profit margin increased from US$ 502 to as much as US$ 549 ha-1 year-1 for growers selling dry seeds as final product. Meanwhile, it increased from US$ 1,791 to US$ 2,426 ha-1 year-1 by extracting oil for final product. Conclusion: There is a potentiality of growing tea oil camellia with the increased profit of as much as US$ 2,426 ha-1 year-1 for 29-year-old plantation by applying intensive silvicultural approach.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting improved cultivars could replace the low producing canopy of old stands.
- Taxon
- Tea Oil Camellia
Camellia oleiferat0 - Treatment
- grafting with improved cultivarse0
- Outcome
- replaced by a new canopye0
- Comparator
- old stande0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“old stand, which has low seed productivity, could be replaced by a new canopy through grafting with improved cultivars.”
t0“Tea Oil Camellia”
Claim · model-written summary
Bortrac canopy spray at early blooming increased seed productivity by 28%.
- Taxon
- Tea Oil CamelliaCamellia oleiferat0
- Treatment
- spraying on canopy at early blooming peak with Bortrac fertilizere0
- Outcome
- seed productivitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 28%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spraying on canopy at early blooming peak with Bortrac fertilizer increased seed productivity by 28%.”
t0“Tea Oil Camellia”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilization and branch thinning increased seed productivity by up to 60%.
- Taxon
- Tea Oil CamelliaCamellia oleiferat0
- Treatment
- applying 0.5 kg inorganic fertilizer (NPK) and 5 kg organic manure per tree coupled with thinning under crown-old branches and diseased branchese0
- Outcome
- seed productivitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 60%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“applying 0.5 kg inorganic fertilizer (NPK) and 5 kg organic manure per tree coupled with thinning under crown-old branches and diseased branches increased up to 60% seed productivity”
t0“Tea Oil Camellia”
Claim · model-written summary
The same fertilization and thinning improved oil ratio and quality.
- Taxon
- Tea Oil CamelliaCamellia oleiferat0
- Treatment
- applying 0.5 kg inorganic fertilizer (NPK) and 5 kg organic manure per tree coupled with thinning under crown-old branches and diseased branchese0
- Outcome
- oil ratio and qualitye0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“applying 0.5 kg inorganic fertilizer (NPK) and 5 kg organic manure per tree coupled with thinning under crown-old branches and diseased branches increased up to 60% seed productivity and improved oil ratio and quality”
t0“Tea Oil Camellia”
Claim · model-written summary
Thinning and fertilizing increased profit for dry seed sales from US$ 502 to US$ 549 per hectare per year.
- Taxon
- Tea Oil CamelliaCamellia oleiferat0
- Treatment
- different intensities of stem/branch thinning and fertilizinge0
- Outcome
- profit margine0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- US$ 549 ha-1 year-1e0
- Qualifier
- US$ 502e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by applying different intensities of stem/branch thinning and fertilizing to 29-year-old plantation, profit margin increased from US$ 502 to as much as US$ 549 ha-1 year-1 for growers selling dry seeds as final product.”
t0“Tea Oil Camellia”
Claim · model-written summary
Thinning and fertilizing increased profit for extracted oil from US$ 1,791 to US$ 2,426 per hectare per year.
- Taxon
- Tea Oil CamelliaCamellia oleiferat0
- Treatment
- different intensities of stem/branch thinning and fertilizinge0
- Outcome
- profit margine0
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- US$ 2,426 ha-1 year-1e1
- Qualifier
- US$ 1,791e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by applying different intensities of stem/branch thinning and fertilizing to 29-year-old plantation, profit margin increased from US$ 502 to as much as US$ 549 ha-1 year-1 for growers selling dry seeds as final product.”
e1“it increased from US$ 1,791 to US$ 2,426 ha-1 year-1 by extracting oil for final product.”
t0“Tea Oil Camellia”
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See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.