Abstract
Tissues of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) contain several endophytic microorganisms of which Methylobacterium extorquens DSM13060 is a dominant species throughout the year. Similar to other endophytic bacteria, M. extorquens is able to colonize host plant tissues without causing any symptoms of disease. In addition to endophytic bacteria, plants associate simultaneously with a diverse set of microorganisms. Furthermore, plant-colonizing microorganisms interact with each other in a species- or strain-specific manner. Several studies on beneficial microorganisms interacting with plants have been carried out, but few deal with interactions between different symbiotic organisms and specifically, how these interactions affect the growth and development of the host plant. Our aim was to study how the pine endophyte M. extorquens DSM13060 affects pine seedlings and how the co-inoculation with ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi [Suillus variegatus (SV) or Pisolithus tinctorius (PT)] alters the response of Scots pine. We determined the growth, polyamine and nutrient contents of inoculated and non-inoculated Scots pine seedlings in vitro. Our results show that M. extorquens is able to improve the growth of seedlings at the same level as the ECM fungi SV and PT do. The effect of co-inoculation using different symbiotic organisms was seen in terms of changes in growth and nutrient uptake. Inoculation using M. extorquens together with ECM fungi improved the growth of the host plant even more than single ECM inoculation. Symbiotic organisms also had a strong effect on the potassium content of the seedling. The results indicate that interaction between endophyte and ECM fungus is species dependent, leading to increased or decreased nutrient content and growth of pine seedlings.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
M. extorquens improved pine seedling growth to a similar level as the ECM fungi.
- Treatment
- M. extorquense0
- Interactor
- M. extorquensMethylorubrum extorquense0symbiont
- Outcome
- growth of seedlingse0
- Direction
- improvee0
- Comparator
- ECM fungi SV and PTe0
PinusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“M. extorquens is able to improve the growth of seedlings at the same level as the ECM fungi SV and PT do”
t0“pine seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation with M. extorquens and ECM fungi improved pine seedling growth beyond single ECM inoculation.
- Treatment
- Inoculation using M. extorquens together with ECM fungie0
- Interactor
- M. extorquensMethylorubrum extorquense0symbiont
- Second interactor
- ECM fungie0symbiont
- Outcome
- growth of the host plante0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- single ECM inoculatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation using M. extorquens together with ECM fungi improved the growth of the host plant even more than single ECM inoculation”
t0“pine seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation with different symbionts changed pine seedling growth and nutrient uptake.
- Treatment
- co-inoculation using different symbiotic organismse0
- Outcome
- growth and nutrient uptakee0
- Direction
- changese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of co-inoculation using different symbiotic organisms was seen in terms of changes in growth and nutrient uptake”
t0“pine seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Symbiotic organisms strongly affected seedling potassium content.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Symbiotic organisms also had a strong effect on the potassium content of the seedling”
t0“pine seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The endophyte–ECM fungus interaction had species-dependent positive or negative effects on pine seedling nutrient content and growth.
- Outcome
- nutrient content and growth of pine seedlingse0
- Direction
- increased or decreasede0
- Qualifier
- species dependente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“interaction between endophyte and ECM fungus is species dependent, leading to increased or decreased nutrient content and growth of pine seedlings”
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